Abstract
Prostatic lesions such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA) are studied in human and canine species due to their malignance potential. The plasminogen activator (PA) system has been suggested to play a central role in cell adhesion, angiogenesis, inflammation, and tumor invasion. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a component of the PA, with a range of expression in tumor and stromal cells. In this study, uPAR expression in both canine normal prostates and with proliferative disorders (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH, proliferative inflammatory atrophy-PIA, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia-PIN, and carcinoma-PC) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) slide to establish the role of this enzyme in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and in the processes of tissue invasion. A total of 298 cores and 355 diagnoses were obtained, with 36 (10.1%) normal prostates, 46 (13.0%) with BPH, 128 (36.1%) with PIA, 74 (20.8%) with PIN and 71 (20.0%) with PC. There is variation in the expression of uPAR in canine prostate according to the lesion, with lower expression in normal tissue and with BPH, and higher expression in tissue with PIA, PIN and PC. The high expression of uPAR in inflammatory and neoplastic microenvironment indicates increased proteolytic activity in canine prostates with PIA, PIN, and PC.KEYWORDS: CD87; PIA; PIN; prostatic carcinoma; TMA.
Highlights
Researchers have studied the canine prostate due to its similarities with the human prostate regarding the natural occurrence of diseases and the hormonal influence in their development, for instance, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma (PC) (LEROY & NORTHRUP, 2009).Some dysplastic lesions that affect mans prostate are considered premalignant, as the prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), because they show morphological similarities to cancer or because they involve potentially carcinogenic factors (DE MARZO et al, 2006)
Immunohistochemistry staining for urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) was cytoplasmic (Figure 1)
The number of epithelial cells stained (NECS) for uPAR was statistically different between all diagnoses, except between PIN and carcinoma
Summary
Researchers have studied the canine prostate due to its similarities with the human prostate regarding the natural occurrence of diseases and the hormonal influence in their development, for instance, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma (PC) (LEROY & NORTHRUP, 2009).Some dysplastic lesions that affect mans prostate are considered premalignant, as the prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), because they show morphological similarities to cancer or because they involve potentially carcinogenic factors (DE MARZO et al, 2006). PIN has been considered a premalignant lesion and it can be observed in cases of prostatic carcinoma (WATERS & BOSTWICK 1997; WATERS et al, 1997; MADEWELL et al, 2004; MATSUZAKI et al, 2010). The evolution process of PIA and PIN is followed by tumor invasion through the extracellular matrix (ECM). This condition comprises the interaction phases between neoplastic cells and ECM, with hydrolytic destruction by proteolytic enzymes and migration of neoplastic cells through the altered extracellular environment (DEL MAESTRO et al, 1990; AMBIRU et al, 1997)
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