Expressions of IL-32 and PCT in serum and alveolar lavage fluid of patients with ICU ventilator-associated pneumonia and their clinical value

Abstract

Objective To explore the expressions and clinical value of interleukin-32 (IL-32) and procalcitonin (PCT) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods The clinical data of 129 ICU patients with mechanical ventilation >48 h in Zhengzhou People’s Hospital from April 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the VAP occurrence, they were divided into VAP group (32 cases) and non VAP group (97 cases). The general data and hospitalization outcomes (mortality rate and mechanical ventilation time, ICU stay and hospital stay of survivors) were recorded in the two groups. The levels of IL-32 and PCT in serum and BALF were compared between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the early diagnostic value of IL-32 and PCT in serum and BALF on VAP. Results Of the 129 ICU patients, 32 cases (24.81%) with VAP were included in VAP group, and 97 cases (75.19%) without VAP were included in non-VAP group. There were no significant difference in the general data between the two groups (P>0.05). There were 7 cases (21.88%) of death during hospitalization in VAP group and 5 cases (5.15%) of death during hospitalization in non VAP group, and the mortality rate in VAP group was significantly higher than that in non VAP group (χ2=6.115, P=0.013). The mechanical ventilation time, ICU stay and hospital stay of survivors in VAP group were higher than those in non VAP group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-32 and PCT in serum and BALF in VAP group were higher than those in non VAP group (P<0.05). The IL-32 and PCT in serum and BALF had high early diagnostic value (AUC=0.900, 0.909, 0.841, 0.885, P<0.05), and the cutoff values were 17.155 pg/ml, 1.345 ng/L, 22.640 pg/ml and 1.940 ng/L respectively. Conclusions ICU patients with VAP have higher levels of IL-32 and PCT in serum and BALF. In clinical, the above indicators can diagnose the early VAP so as to give timely treatment and improve the prognosis. Key words: Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Intensive care unit; Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; Interleukin-32; Procalcitonin