Expressions of CD4+CD45RA+T cells and CD4+CD45RO+T cells in peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome and their significance

Abstract

To investigate the expressions of CD4+CD45RA+T cells and CD4+CD45RO+T cells in peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and their significance. A case-control study was conducted. Ninety-four patients receiving coronary angiography (CAG) admitted to Tianjin Chest Hospital from March 5th to April 27th in 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into non-coronary heart disease (CHD) group (n = 12), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group (n = 27), acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) group (n = 27) and acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group (n = 28) according to the patients' symptoms, electrocardiogram, troponin test and angiographic results. General data, blood routine parameters, and biochemical indicators were collected. The ratios of CD4+CD45RA+T cells and CD4+CD45RO+T cells were determined by flow cytometry. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to evaluate whether CD4+CD45RA+T cells and CD4+CD45RO+T cells were associated with STEMI. Ninety-four patients were included initially. After excluding the patients who died during the intervention, 93 patients were enrolled in the data analysis finally, with 12 patients in the non-CHD group, 27 patients in the UAP group, and the same as the NSTEMI group and the STEMI group. Compared with the non-CHD group, white blood cell count (WBC) was decreased (×109/L: 6.03±1.30 vs. 6.60±1.30, P < 0.05), and lymphocyte ratio was increased (0.273±0.059 vs. 0.269±0.070, P > 0.05) in patients of the UAP group; however, in the NSTEMI group and STEMI group, WBC was increased (×109/L: 8.29±2.28, 9.86±2.76 vs. 6.60±1.30, both P < 0.05), and lymphocyte ratio was decreased (0.236±0.076, 0.173±0.094 vs. 0.269±0.070, P > 0.05 and P < 0.05), especially in the STEMI group [WBC (×109/L): 9.86±2.76 vs. 6.60±1.30, lymphocyte ratio: 0.173±0.094 vs. 0.269±0.070, both P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in biochemical indicators among all of the groups. Flow cytometry results showed that the ratios of CD4+CD45RO+T cells in the UAP group and NSTEMI group were higher than those in the non-CHD group (0.323±0.074, 0.319±0.078 vs. 0.314±0.058, both P > 0.05); however, the ratio of CD4+CD45RO+T cells in the STEMI group showed a decreased tendency (0.270±0.057 vs. 0.314±0.058, P > 0.05), and it was significantly lower than that in the UAP group and the NSTEMI group (0.270±0.057 vs. 0.323±0.074, 0.319±0.078, both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the ratio of CD4+CD45RA+T cells among all of the groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD4+CD45RA+T cells ratio was not significantly correlated with the occurrence of STEMI [odds ratio (OR) = 0.976, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.907-1.050, P = 0.518], but CD4+CD45RO+T cells ratio was significantly correlated with the occurrence of STEMI (OR = 0.888, 95%CI was 0.821-0.961, P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the ratio of CD4+CD45RA+T cells among UAP, NSTEMI and STEMI patients, and CD4+CD45RO+T cells ratio in the STEMI group was significantly lower than that in the UAP group and NSTEMI group. CD4+CD45RO+T cells ratio may be risk factor of STEMI.