Expressions of CCT2 and Galectin-3 and its clinical significances in benign and malignant lesions of pancreas

Abstract

Objective To investigate the expressions of CCT2 and Galectin-3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, para-carcinoma tissues, benign lesions and normal tissues and to assess their clinicopathological significances. Methods 106 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, 35 cases of matched para-carcinoma tissues ≥2 cm away from cancerous tissues, 55 cases of pancreatic benign lesions (20 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 20 cases of adenoma, 15 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia), and 13 cases of normal tissues were collected. The gender, age, maximal tumor diameter, differentiation, TNM stage, the presence of lymph node metastasis and surrounding tissue infiltration of the patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were recorded. EnVision immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CCT2 and Galectin-3 . Univariate and multivariate anlysis were applied to analyze the factors influencing the postoperative survival of the patients. Results The positive rates of CCT2 and Galectin-3 in 106 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were 54.7% and 50.9%, which was 25.7% and 28.6% in 35 cases of para-carcinoma tissues, 23.6% and 20.0% in 55 cases of pancreatic benign lesions, and negative expression in 13 cases of normal tissues. CCT2 and Galectin-3 positivity rate in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than para-carcinoma tissues, pancreatic benign lesions and normal tissues, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Positivity rate of CCT2 and Galectin 3 expression in the patients with TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients with TNM stageⅠ-Ⅱ and no lymph node metastasis; the positivity rate of CCT2 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with surrounding organ infiltrated was obviously higher than that without surrounding organ infiltrated; the positivity rate of Galectin 3 expression in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was obviously higher than that in well differentiated adenocarcinoma; and all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The expression of CCT2 and Galectin-3 had no obvious correlation with the patients′ gender , age and maximal tumor diameter. The survival period of 106 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was 2-24 months with the average of 9.4±0.7 months. The 1-year and 2-year postoperative survival rate after surgery was 27.3% (n=29)and 2.8% (n=3). The survival period of patients with poorly differentiated degree, larger maximal tumor diameter, advanced TNM stage, the presence of lymph node metastasis and surrounding tissue invasion, and positive expression of CCT2 and Galectin 3 was shorter than that of patients with well differentiated degree, smaller maximal tumor diameter, early TNM stage, the absence of lymph node metastasis and surrounding tissue invasion, and negative expression of CCT2 and Galectin 3, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that poorly differentiated degree, maximal tumor diameter ≥5 cm, TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the presence of surrounding invasion and lymph node metastasis, and positive expression of CCT2 and Galectin 3 were independent risk factors for influencing patients′ prognosis. Conclusions CCT2 and Galectin 3 were highly expressed in pancreatic ductal carcinoma, which was associated with the biological behaviors and prognosis of the tumor. Key words: Pancreatic neoplasms; Pancreatitis, chronic; Heat-shock proteins; Galectin-3; Immunohistochemistry