Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated UGP2 (uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase-2) and CFL1 (cofilin-1) expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC), paracancerous tissue (PT), benign lesions (BL), and normal tissue (NT) and their clinicopathological significance.MethodsSurgical specimens, which were collected from 106 cases of pancreatic ductal carcinoma, 35 cases of paracancerous tissues, 55 cases of benign lesions and 13 cases of normal pancreatic tissues, were fixed with 4% formaldehyde to prepare conventional paraffin-embedded sections. EnVision immunohistochemical was used to stain for UGP2 and CFL1. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the correlation of expression pattern with survival.ResultsWe found that positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression in PDC were significantly higher than those in PT, BL, and NT. In PT and BL with positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression, mild to severe atypical hyperplasia or intraepithelial neoplasia of grades II–III was observed in ductal epithelium. Positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression in cases with high differentiation, no lymph node metastasis, no surrounding invasion, and TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging I or/and II were significantly lower than those in cases with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, and TNM stage III and/or IV. Positive UGP2 expression in male patients was significantly lower than that in female patients. UGP2 and CFL1 expression in PDC were positively correlated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the degree of differentiation, tumor maximal diameter, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and surrounding invasion, and UGP2 and CFL1 expression were closely related to the average survival time of patients with PDC. The survival time of patients with positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative expression. Cox multivariate analysis showed that poor differentiation, tumor maximal diameter ≥ 3 cm, TNM stage III or IV, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, and positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression was negatively correlated with the postoperative survival rate and positively correlated with the mortality of patients with PDC.ConclusionPositive expression of UGP2 and CFL1 can serve a valuable prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.
Highlights
This study investigated Uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase-2 (UGP2) and CFL1 expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC), paracancerous tissue (PT), benign lesions (BL), and normal tissue (NT) and their clinicopathological significance
The positive expression rates of UGP2 and CFL1 were significantly higher in the pancreatic ductal carcinoma samples than those in the paracancerous tissues (χ2 = 9.426, P = 0.003 and χ2 = 7.786, P = 0.005, respectively), benign lesions (χ2 = 21.647, P = 0.000 and χ2 = 14.275, P = 0.000, respectively), and normal pancreatic tissues (χ2 = 15.874, P = 0.000 and χ2 = 12.973, P = 0.000, respectively)
The ductal epithelia of the paracancerous tissues and benign lesions with positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression showed mild to severe atypical hyperplasia or intraepithelial neoplasia (Table 1)
Summary
This study investigated UGP2 (uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase-2) and CFL1 (cofilin-1) expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC), paracancerous tissue (PT), benign lesions (BL), and normal tissue (NT) and their clinicopathological significance. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors. Pancreatic cancer has tended to occur at a younger age, and its incidence has exhibited a clear upward trend [1]. Pancreatic cancer has no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and its early diagnosis is difficult. Identifying markers of pancreatic tumors for the screening of asymptomatic patients at the early stage has been a research hotspot in recent years. An ideal detection marker for the screening of pancreatic tumors at an early stage is not currently available [3]. Recent studies have found that the detection of mutations in the KRAS gene in bodily fluids, blood, and pancreatic juice may be a new auxiliary examination method for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer; the clinical value of these mutations requires further verification [3]. The exploration of new target molecules for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer is important
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