Abstract
Anthocyanin is a type of flavonoid that appears purple in plants. PAP1, PAP2, and MYB113 are the three major R2R3-MYB transcription factors that regulate flavonoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we found that the three MYB genes regulate anthocyanin accumulation in different leaf stages. Under limited nutrient conditions, PAP1 and PAP2 genes were highly induced in juvenile leaves. Conversely, MYB113 was expressed mainly in adult leaves. In addition, we investigated the role of trans-acting siRNA4 (TAS4) in the post-transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin expression in Arabidopsis leaves. In plant growth, the inhibition of PAP1 and PAP2 gene expression by TAS4 was observed only in juvenile leaves, and MYB113 inhibition was observed in adult leaves. In conclusion, we found that transcription and transcript repression of the three MYB genes is differentially regulated by TAS4 in leaf developmental stages. Our results improve the understanding of the regulation of plant anthocyanin production under stress conditions.
Highlights
Chlorophyll, carotenoids, and flavonoids are unique pigments responsible for the various colors found in plants
Anthocyanin accumulation in different stage of Arabidopsis leaves To characterize the pattern of stress-induced anthocyanin production in leaves, the expression patterns of three anthocyanin transcription factors (PAP1, PAP2, and MYB113) were compared in leaves from different positions on the shoot
A nutrient-deficient condition is a strong inducer of anthocyanin synthesis [36], and a nitrogen deficient soil condition was prepared as described in the Methods section [37]
Summary
Chlorophyll, carotenoids, and flavonoids are unique pigments responsible for the various colors found in plants. Biosynthetic pathways are classified as early biosynthetic genes from chalcone synthase to flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase and late biosynthetic genes from dihydroxy flavonoid reductase to anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26] The expression of these flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes is regulated by the transcriptional complex, WD-repeat/ MYB/bHLH [27]. The Arabidopsis pap1-D mutant displays purple colors [28] and the transgenic plants with R2R3MYB (PAP1, PAP2, MYB113, and MYB114) gene overexpression display enhanced anthocyanin synthesis [26, 28,29,30].
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