Abstract
To evaluate the expression of cell cycle associated protein p53, mdm2 and p21 in betel quid chewing and tobacco smoking (BQT) associated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Bangladesh, we examined 107 tissue specimens by immunohistochemical method. High expression of p53, mdm2 and p21 were found in 75%, 71% and 65% of BQT associated OSCCs, respectively. Overexpression of p53 and mdm2 were found to be significantly high in BQT habit factor (p= 0.007 and 0.016 respectively). Significant correlation was also found between p53+/mdm2+ (p= 0.0001) and p53+/p21+ (p= 0.0001). Discordant mdm2+/p53- and p21+/p53- phenotypes were observed in 11 (10%) and 17 (16%) cases, respectively, suggesting a p53-independent role for mdm2 and p21 in the pathogenesis of a subset of OSCCs. In conclusion, betel quid chewing and tobacco smoking may have carcinogenic effect on oral epithelium in Bangladesh. Overexpression of mdm2 and p21 may occur in a p53-dependent or independent manner.
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