Abstract
Abstract The ω-3 rich plant oil supplementation in animal diet is a reliable feeding strategy to enhance ω-3 fatty acids content in milk and meat. To investigate oil induced differential gene expressions of milk protein genes (LALBA, CSN2) and fat synthesis genes (CD36, XDH, ACACA, SCD, FABP3) in mammary epithelial cells. Twelve Beetal goats were fed control diet (CON) and linseed oil (LSO) or chia oil (CO) supplemented diets (at 1% dry matter basis) for sixty days. Total RNA was isolated from milk fat, a rich source of mammary RNA, before (d 0) and after (d 15 and d 34) of the feeding. Supplementation of diet with ω-3 rich oils and or stage of lactation showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in milk RNA quality and quantity Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed up-regulation of ACACA, FABP3 and CD36 genes at d 15 in LSO supplemented milk, while expression of SCD and XDH was upregulated at d 34 in CO, supplemented milk with respective to control. Oil supplementation increased abundance of CD36 at d 34 in both the treatment groups (LSO vs. CON; 5-fold, P 0.01 and CO vs. CON; 4.2-fold, P 0.05), indicating involvement of CD36 in lipid metabolism. Expression of milk protein genes was though numerically high at d 34 in LSO and CO group (vs. CON), did not differ (P> 0.05) among groups. There were statistically significant interactions observed among all the genes in present study with the stage of lactation. These results suggest that regulation of milk protein and lipogenic genes in goats get affected by feeding ω-3 rich plant oils. Difference in the expression of these lipogenic genes may be beneficial in altering fatty acids compositions of goat milk for human health benefits.
Published Version
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