Expression of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase1/2 and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in the Invasive Trophoblasts at the Human Placental Bed

Abstract

Background Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) participate in signal transduction pathways that control embryogenesis, cell differentiation, cell proliferation and cell death. The roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAP kinase in the differentiation and invasion of human trophoblasts have been studied. However, the in vivo expression and activation of ERK1/2 and p38 at the placental bed have not been elucidated. Methods The study group consisted of placental bed biopsy tissues obtained from the pregnancies without preeclampsia ( n = 24) and with preeclampsia ( n = 8) between 31 and 40 weeks of gestation. We evaluated the expressions and phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase in the invasive trophoblasts in the placental bed tissues using immunohistochemistry. Results p38 and phospho-p38 MAP kinase were not detected in invasive trophoblasts in cases or controls. ERK1/2 and phospho-ERK1/2 were positive in invasive trophoblasts albeit with variable staining. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was significantly less frequent in invasive trophoblasts in placental bed biopsies from women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive controls. Conclusion These findings suggest that preeclampsia is associated with decreased activation of ERK1/2 in invasive trophoblasts in vivo.