Expression of cd35 and cd57 in placenta of women with asthma

Abstract

Background. Prevalence of asthma (BA) among pregnant women reaches 12%. Obstetric complications (preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, IUGR, etc.) mainly occur in the absence of control of asthma. Aspects of the placenta status in women with chronic allergic respiratory disease are not well understood.
 Purpuses and tasks — studying the expression of markers of immature dendritic cells (CD35) and natural killer (CD57) cells in the placenta of patients with asthma, depending on the of severity, control and the type of therapy.
 Materials and methods. The study involved 200 pregnant women, including 170 with asthma (44 patients with mild intermittent, 52 with mild persistent, 61 with moderate and 13 with severe asthma), and 30 patients without pulmonary and allergic diseases. We analized complications and pregnancy outcomes, conducted the immunohistochemical study of placental samples of 134 patients for the expression of CD35 (marker of immature dendritic cells) and CD57 (marker of NK cells) on cryostat sections, immunomorphological study of the placenta with determination of the fixation of pathogenic immune complexes (PIC), IL-6, IL- 4, IL-10 in the placenta.
 Results. CD35 expression in the placenta of women with asthma is increased, while in patients undergoing preeclampsia CD35 expression is lower, especially in cases of uncontrolled asthma in the 3rd trimester. In all cases with persistent and incompletely controlled asthma, the expression of the natural killer marker (CD57) in the placenta correlates with the presence of PIC, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 and inflammatory changes in the placenta. Conclusions. The results of the study suggest that a decrease in CD35 expression in cases with the combination of uncontrolled persistent asthma and preeclampsia seems to deplete the mechanisms of the immune response. Increased NK cell marker expression (CD57) in the placenta of women with uncontrolled and persistent asthma indicates on the cytotoxic role of this subpopulation of cells, leading to morphological and immune changes in the placenta that adversely affect the fetus and newborn.