Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of Normal Weight Obesity (NWO) and evaluate its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Gujarat, India.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 432 adults with T2DM attending a Non-Communicable Disease clinic. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance, and clinical parameters were assessed. NWO was defined as normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²) with high body fat percentage (≥ 25% for men, ≥ 32% for women). Cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile, were evaluated. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of NWO was 33% among the study population. Significant discordance was observed between BMI classification and body fat percentage, with 91% of males and 51.8% of females with normal BMI having obese levels of body fat. Individuals with NWO demonstrated higher cardiometabolic risk profiles compared to non-obese counterparts, including elevated random blood glucose levels (290 ± 110 mg/dL vs. 180 ± 80 mg/dL, p < 0.001), higher systolic (148.8 ± 25.4 mmHg vs. 122.5 ± 19.5 mmHg, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (98.5 ± 55.6 mmHg vs. 78.6 ± 36.6 mmHg, p < 0.001), and increased prevalence of hypertension (61% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between body fat percentage and random blood sugar levels (r = 0.504, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified age, duration of diabetes, blood glucose levels, and blood pressure as independent factors associated with NWO.ConclusionThe high prevalence of NWO and its significant association with adverse cardiometabolic risk factors in T2DM patients underscores the limitations of using BMI alone for obesity assessment. These findings highlight the need for incorporating body composition analysis in routine clinical practice to improve risk stratification and management strategies in T2DM patients, particularly in the Asian Indian population.

Full Text

Published Version

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.