Exploring the potential of Bacillus subtilis as an additive for decontamination of feed

Abstract

Fusariotoxins (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, zearalenone, moniliformin, fumonisins) are secondary metabolites of Fusarium species of fungi that parasitize various plants or are present on them as facultative pathogens. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of bacteria that have antimicrobial activity against toxin-producing Fusarium species to detoxify toxic fungal metabolites in order to create additives that improve the quality and safety of feed and other agricultural products. A total of 207 bacterial isolates belonging to various genera and species have been studied. The isolate, designated as RF-45, was characterized by a broad spectrum and a high level of antagonistic activity against most species of Fusarium fungi. Based on morphological-physiological and biochemical studies, analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the RF-45 isolate was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The bacillary isolate was distinguished by its ability to produce various hydrolytic enzymes (CMCase, avicelasa, β-glucosidase, FPase and xylanase) and antimicrobial metabolites (siderophores, bacteriocins and exopolysaccharides), as well as to detoxify toxic fungal metabolites. It was concluded that B. subtilis RF-45 can be used as an object for creating additives capable of decontaminating feed and other agricultural products.