Exploring the link between Kirkpatrick (KP) and context, input, process and product (CIPP) training evaluation models, and its effect on training evaluation in public organizations of Pakistan

Abstract

In the awake of performance gap detected in public organizations of Pakistan, this paper proposes a training evaluation framework to ensure training transfer. This study is based on theoretical perspective of literature review and finds a link between Kirkpatrick (KP) and context, input, process and product (CIPP) training evaluation models to enhance efficacy of training in Pakistan. This study reiterates that pre-training context is imperative to finding viable training criterion to make training successful. Evaluation lacks criteria setting in Pakistan training institutions. This study is attempting to propose a training evaluation framework using KP and CIPP models to ensure financial viability as well as, alleviating and declining performance of public organizations. The framework proposes a strategy to ensure training transfer. Context is seen as a primary requirement in this framework, to help framing a viable training design aimed at training transfer. It thus, presents useful information for organizations with limited resources, human resource research fellows and research students as well. This paper proposes a new framework of training evaluation based on vision of Kirkpatrick and Stufflebeam (CIPP) models. It also emphasizes on understanding the entire situation of the organization from the beginning, aids in tracking organization needs, its operational objectives, training designs, implementation and monitoring. These items will pave way for subsequent evaluation. The researcher has shared his experience as a trainer with body of knowledge on training evaluation. Key words: Pakistan, training evaluation framework, transfer of training, Kirkpatrick, CIPP models.