Exploring the impact of 40Hzmulti-luminairelight exposure in Alzheimer's dementia: insights from a convenient sampling, non-randomized case-control study.

Abstract

Recent studies propose 40Hz neural activity induction as a promising approach for managing Alzheimer's dementia (AD). However, traditional flickering light is suboptimal in addressing cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of AD. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of a novel multi-luminaire lighting technology, with reduced perceptible flickering, for treating AD NPS. This study is a prospective, convenient sampling, non-randomized case-control investigation involving seventy-eight clinically diagnosed AD patients from 7 daycare centers. Thirty-five were exposed to 40Hz light through Delta M + BrainCare Light (M +), 4h daily, 5days/week, for 12weeks. The other 43 patients served as controls. Sum of boxes of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR-SB) scale, Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) were assessed at baseline and the 13th week. At baseline, the cases had worse cognitive function, lower cognitive score (Mini-Mental State Examination, p = 0.04; Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, p = 0.04), and advanced caregiver burden with higher ZBI scores (p < 0.01) than the controls. After the intervention, the cases had significant improvements in NPS as assessed using the NPI (p = 0.02), especially depression and euphoria symptoms (p = 0.04 and < 0.01, respectively) and less caregiver burden (ZBI score, p < 0.01). In global function, the control group showed a significant decline in CDR-SB score (p < 0.01), while the cases did not. Results suggest M + may slow global function decline, preserve cognitive function, improve NPS, and reduce caregiver burden in AD patients. Larger studies with biomarkers are needed to explore underlying mechanisms.