Abstract
Tanguar haor is located in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh and frequently experienced extreme events such as high rainfall that affect the haor basin area with flash floods on a regular basis. Tanguar haor is usually foreseen to severe disastrous conditions for the reason of changes in rainfall patterns and water extent. The study was conducted at Tanguar haor of Sunamganj district. This study mainly focuses on the year to year rainfall variability (2001-2018) and water extent (2002-2018) in the Tanguar haor area. The specific objective of the study was to explore the effect of rainfall variability and water extent in Tanguar haor. Information and data were collected mainly from secondary sources. Analysis of data and assess the ecological effect of changes in rainfall patterns and water extent were the main activities of the study along with others. The findings of the study were changeability in rainfall patterns and water extent frequently caused a flash flood in pre-monsoon and monsoon season in the Tanguar haor area. Flash flood causes a vast amount of financial loss for the living people of the Tanguar haor that makes them more vulnerable to live well. The result of this study may help to gather new knowledge on the consequences of rainfall variability and water extent in the haor basin area. It may add significance to the management of flash flood and severe stress in the haor basin area.
Highlights
Bangladesh with an area of 147,570 sq. km that lies between 20°34'-26°38' N, and 88°01'-92°41' E (Rashid, 1991)
In Tanguar hoar area, flash flood arises after math of heavy rainfall, rises of water level in the Surma River and heavy inundation in the adjacent hills and mountains. These floods often destroy the standing crops at the ripening stage and cause severe damages to the physical infrastructures along haor basin area (Saju et al, 2020). Considering all of these issues this study focuses on the variability in rainfall pattern and water extent in Tanguar haor area
Historical average rainfall records of Sylhet (2001-2018) - Tanguar haor is located in Sunamganj district of Sylhet division
Summary
Bangladesh with an area of 147,570 sq. km that lies between 20°34'-26°38' N, and 88°01'-92°41' E (Rashid, 1991). Haor basin area situated in north-eastern part usually characterizes with large to medium flood plain depressions (Sara et al, 2013). Hydroecological features of haor basin area are flood plain and marshy lands covered approximately 1.99 million hectares of area and accommodating approximately 19.37 million of people (BHWDB, 2012). Now-adays Bangladesh predicted as most vulnerable country due to climate change (rainfall and water extent) in haor basin area on account of geographic location, feature of flood plains, Bagchi et al, / Australian Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology, 2(4), 66-76, 2020 growing density of population, extreme poverty and very high dependency on the natural resources (Rahaman et al, 2014). Covering 9,727 hectares, Tanguar haor in north-east part of Bangladesh, adjacent to the Indian border, is part of wetland of the Surma-Kushiyara rivers basins (BHWDB, 2012)
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