Abstract
Sometimes, when scientists try to help people, they can end up with a surprise ending in which things do not work out as expected. Their “help” might even accidentally make the situation worse for some people. We wanted to know if this could be true for a strategy to slow down climate change: charging countries a fee when they cut down forests to create farmland. We used computers to predict what might happen if countries were charged different fees, to keep things fair. Specifically, countries with less money would only have to pay low (or no) fees, while rich countries would pay higher fees. However, our computer model showed that this plan could have unexpected negative consequences for water availability in some places that pay low fees, like certain regions in Africa. This tells us that, as we fight climate change, we must keep our eyes open for unintended consequences that could result from our attempts to help the planet.
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