Exploring the Analytical Approach in Analyzing Prophetic Hadith: Methodologies and Insights from Hadith Critics

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and explain prophetic traditions using an analytical approach. It addresses the problem encountered in the study, and this approach belongs to the methodologies associated with the humanities and social sciences. The researcher followed a descriptive and analytical methodology in conducting this research, utilizing library resources, relying on primary books and relevant scientific articles to crystallize the concept of the analytical approach. This research is one of the few fundamental studies in terms of purpose and methodology. Its data analysis method is qualitative, based on logic and content analysis to observe and analyze the phenomenon by presenting its elements and concepts.
 This study revealed that the analytical approach is one of the most important methodologies in Islamic sciences, especially among scholars of prophetic traditions. Therefore, their critical and explanatory work is clearly based on a systematic methodology, particularly the analytical approach they heavily rely on. The methodology of scholars in analyzing narrations includes examining both the chain of narrators and the text. Through an examination of the analysis methodologies of hadith critics, it was found that analysis focuses on two significant aspects: studying the circumstances, behaviors, and beliefs of narrators, and analyzing the content of the narrations to determine the reliability of the narrator.
 The analytical approach is one of the methodologies associated with the humanities and social sciences. By this, we mean sciences that rely on rules or frameworks to analyze phenomena, such as religious sciences, linguistic sciences, political sciences, legal sciences, economic sciences, and others. Through an examination of the analysis methodologies of hadith critics, it was found that analysis focuses on two significant aspects: studying the circumstances, behaviors, and beliefs of narrators, as well as examining the methods of reception and performance, where they utilize the experimental analytical approach. Additionally, they consider the uniqueness of a narrator in narrating a specific narration and the deviation of trustworthiness from other trustworthy narrators. Moreover, analyzing the content of the narrations to determine the reliability of the narrator is also undertaken.