Exploring Subjective Experiences of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) for Psychosis - a Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) Informed Narrative Inquiry

Abstract

An extensive body of evidence supports the association between life adversity and experiences such as hearing voices and holding beliefs that others may find unusual. Emerging evidence suggests Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) may be an effective intervention for reducing the emotional impact of trauma memories in the context of psychosis and, as a result, may lessen the impact of unusual experiences. Despite this, there has been limited research into clients’ subjective experiences of EMDR for psychosis with existing research predominantly focused on its ability to resolve what are viewed as ‘comorbid symptoms’ of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The theoretical assumptions of the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) suggest that unusual experiences can be understood as trauma related distress. In line with this perspective, the aims of the current study were to explore what focusing therapeutically on traumatic experiences in the context of psychosis might reveal about the link between adversity and psychosis and, furthermore, to explore what clients’ depict as important when engaging with EMDR for psychosis. Participants recruited from specialist psychosis community mental health services were interviewed and a qualitative narrative analysis methodology employed. Within the narratives, trauma-derived personal meanings were common and could be linked to the content of unusual experiences. Participants consistently positioned themselves as advocates of EMDR for psychosis, citing improved relationships and feeling calmer amongst positive changes. In reflecting on their experiences of EMDR, participants more commonly cited the importance of a trusting therapeutic relationship than specific EMDR techniques. A number of clinical implications are raised, including recommendations for care resourcing and planning.