Exploring Muslim Tourist Needs at Halal Spa Facilities to Support Indonesia’s Sharia Tourism

Islamic tourism is defined as a tourist trip aimed at providing tourist services and facilities for Muslim tourists in accordance with Islamic principles. There are several terms used in addition to Islamic Tourism, namely Halal Tourism, Sharia Tourism, Muslim-Friendly Tourism. Meanwhile, the Global Muslim Travel Index as an institution that focuses on developing world halal tourism explains that halal tourism is tourism that is carried out in accordance with Islamic principles with the aim of providing friendly facilities and services to Muslim tourists. The problem is the role of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in the implementation of Islamic Tourism in Muslim countries. The research method is normative juridical research. The conclusion is that the role of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in the application of Islamic Tourism in Muslim countries can be concluded with sharia tourism which has been introduced since 2000 from the discussion of the meeting of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC). Sharia tourism is a tourist demand based on the lifestyle of Muslim tourists during the holidays. In addition, sharia tourism is tourism that is flexible, rational, simple and balanced. This tourism aims to motivate tourists to get happiness and blessings from Allah SWT. Halal tourism is an adoption of non-Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) countries which see the great potential of Muslim growth around the world. Halal tourism was created to accommodate the needs of worship for Muslims in non-OIC countries, such as the provision of places of worship (mushola) and halal restaurants. Countries that are quick to seize the opportunity of this Muslim-friendly tourism service are Thailand, Japan, Singapore, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, UK, France, Malaysia, and many other countries.

In the past decade, the Indonesian government has taken political and economic policy measures to improve the country's image as a Muslim-friendly destination. The leading destinations chosen to be developed with the concept of sharia tourism are one form of these efforts. However, the policy faced negative responses from several regions, especially from tourism stakeholders in Bali. Indeed, the Balinese are not enthusiastic about the possibility of their island being labelled as sharia tourism destination. Even though sharia tourism stakeholders took the initiative to show the potential benefits of sharia tourism economically, the idea was still rejected. Primary data was collected utilizing in - depth interviews with key informants selected purposively, while secondary data was obtained from literature, documents, information from mass media and local television. The data were analyzed with a critical theory approach in the style of cultural studies, using the theory of hegemony, ideology, power/knowledge relations and critical discourse analysis to explain the form of discourse, response forms and implications of the discourse on sharia tourism development in Bali. This paper also presents both empirical and theoretical findings and provides recommendations. This article concludes that Bali can't be transformed into a sharia tourism destination, however, Bali still accommodates the needs of Muslim tourists.
 Keywords: discourse, sharia tourism, Balinese cultural tourism, hegemony, counter-hegemony

The tourism sector is one of the sectors capable of increasing employment and economic growth. Currently, sharia tourism is starting to be in great demand. This is in line with the increase in Muslim tourists from year to year. An increase in Muslim tourists is both an opportunity and a challenge to be able to improve a sustainable sharia tourism sector in Indonesia. The purpose of conducting this research is to find out about the opportunities and challenges of the sharia tourism industry as well as the right strategy for the development of the Indonesian sharia tourism industry. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods with data collection techniques in the form of documentation studies. Based on the research results obtained, the sharia tourism industry in Indonesia has good opportunities and potential as part of a sustainable national tourism industry. The tourism industry also contributes to increasing government revenues. In addition to having tourism potential, Indonesian sharia tourism has several challenges including demand and market aspects, technology and information aspects, regulatory aspects, financing aspects and research and development aspects.

Purpose – This study aims to determine the priorities and benefits sought by Muslim consumers for sharia tourism in Indonesia. The study population was the potential tourist consumer, and convenience sampling methods carried out the sampling.Methodology – The data were collected by field surveys with a sample of 300 respondents. Dendrogram cluster approach and chi-square test analysis were used to analyze the benefit segmentation.Findings – The study results explain the attributes of the tourism category to form clusters based on the reasons for the proximity of the benefits sought by consumers. Muslim tourists have a top priority for natural tourism, with the following priorities were cultural tourism, culinary tourism, and religion by sharia facilities. In terms of gender, there is no difference in the choice of the four categories of sharia tourism. Meanwhile, in terms of age and income, there is a significant difference in the choice of four categories of sharia tourism in Indonesia, with the most considerable portion choosing culinary tourism. The findings of this study imply that cluster analysis is suitable for explaining benefit segmentation. Information on the benefit of experience tourists seek an input for sharia tourism destination providers for the target market for Muslim tourists.Practical Implication – Practically the findings of this research can be used as information to develop tourism marketing strategies by the government and tourism actors with Muslim segments and target markets, both nationally and internationally. Therefore, they can formulate a marketing strategy based on demographic consideration.

Abstract. The aim of this research is to analyze the potential for sharia tourism development in Mount Puntang tourism based on DSN-MUI Fatwa No.108/DSN-MUI/X/2016. Mount Puntang is located in Bandung Regency, this tourist attraction has the potential to support sharia tourism, namely in terms of facilities for places of worship for Muslim tourists, tourism managers and the community towards tourists, as well as supporting facilities such as halal food and drinks, security facilities, toilets, camping. adequate land and accommodation. The method used in this research uses a normative descriptive research method using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research used interview techniques, literature study and field observation. The results of the research show that the implementation of the potential tourist destination of Mount Puntang has fulfilled the provisions of the sharia tourism concept based on the DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 108/DSN-MUI/X/2016 but has not yet been certified as sharia tourism.
 Keyword: DSN-MUI Fatwa, Sharia Tourism
 Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis potensi pengembangan pariwisata syariah pada wisata Gunung Puntang berdasarkan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.108/DSN-MUI/X/2016. Gunung Puntang terletak di Kabupaten Bandung, wisata ini memiliki potensi yang mendukung untuk dijadikan pariwisata syariah, yaitu dari segi fasilitas tempat beribadah bagi wisatawan muslim, pengelola wisata dan masyarakatnya terhadap wisatawan, serta fasilitas penunjang seperti makanan dan minuman halal, fasilitas keamanan, toilet, camping ground serta penginapan yang memadai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, studi pustaka serta observasi lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan potensi destinasi wisata Gunung Puntang sudah memenuhi ketentuan konsep pariwisata syariah berdasarkan pendekatan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 108/DSN-MUI/X/2016 akan tetapi belum tersertifikasi pariwisata syariah.
 
 Kata Kunci: Fatwa DSN-MUI, Pariwisata Syariah

Purpose: This study aims to identify and analyze the recovery strategy of the Sharia tourism business on Lombok Island, Indonesia, after the Covid-19 pandemic. Theoretical framework: The recovery of the Sharia tourism business on Lombok Island after COVID-19 requires joint efforts, innovation, and adaptation to changing trends and tourist preferences. With the right strategy, Sharia tourism on Lombok Island can recover and generate a positive economic impact for the area. Design/Methodology/Approach: Through a qualitative descriptive research approach, researchers collected data through observation, analysis of related documents, and interviews with stakeholders related to Sharia tourism on Lombok Island. Findings: The results of this study reveal several essential strategies in the recovery of the Sharia tourism business on Lombok Island, namely increasing online marketing, a collaboration between tourism actors, developing halal tourism, and developing environmentally friendly tourism. Research, practical & social implications: The resulting recommendations can be a reference for tourism industry players, government, and other related parties in developing practical and sustainable recovery efforts. With the implementation of the right strategy, it is expected that Sharia tourism on Lombok Island can recover successfully, provide significant economic benefits, and meet the expectations of Muslim tourists and local communities. Originality/Value: This research contributes to understanding the recovery strategy of the Sharia tourism business on Lombok Island after the Covid-19 pandemic.

According to a study conducted by the Master Card and Cresent Rating, in the Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI), that in 2014 there were 108 million Muslim tourists representing 10 percent of the entire tourism industry. Therefore it is very important that Yogyakarta starts to prepare sharia tourism packages or halal tourism packages. Sharia tourism can be prepared by referring to or referring to the MUI fatwa that has been issued as a guideline for the community to understand the understanding and management of halal tourism or sharia tourism. This study will use a descriptive methodology, which describes the object through observation and literature search that is relevant to the object of the study. The results of the study concluded that Islam provides guidance or guidance to its followers in traveling in accordance with Islamic values. In accordance with tourism, appropriate agreements have been determined, as stated in the MUI fatwa on sharia tourism, including ijarah, ju'alah, and wakalah bil ujrah. The development of DIY tourism needs to involve all tourism stakeholders including scholars

according to a study conducted by Master Card and Cresent Rating, in the Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI), that in 2014 there were 108 million Muslim tourists representing 10 per cent of the entire tourism industry. Therefore it is very important that Yogyakarta starts to prepare sharia tourism packages or halal tourism packages. Sharia tourism can be prepared by referring to or referring to the MUI fatwa that has been issued as a guideline for the community to understand the understanding and management of halal tourism or sharia tourism. This study will use a descriptive methodology, which describes the object through observation and literature search that is relevant to the object of the study. The results of the study concluded that Islam provides guidance or guidance to its followers in travelling in accordance with Islamic values. In accordance with tourism, appropriate agreements have been determined, as stated in the MUI fatwa on sharia tourism, including ijarah, ju'alah, and wakalah bil ujrah. The development of DIY tourism needs to involve all tourism stakeholders including scholar

The tourism sector is one of the sectors capable of increasing employment and economic growth. Currently, halal tourism is starting to be in great demand. This is in line with the increase in Muslim tourists from year to year. The development of halal tourism has begun to be carried out by various countries, both Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Indonesia as a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic country, of course, there are new problems that continue to surface where the law is not found either in the Quran or the Hadith, such as the emergence of the phenomenon of public demand for halal tourism in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to describe halal tourism in Indonesia in terms of the Indonesian Council of Ulama fatwa and the government regulation. This research is a conceptual review that uses literature research methods sourced from authoritative journals, books, and documents and is still relevant to the study of halal tourism. The results showed that a large number of public requests for halal tourism visits in Indonesia in the need for normative and positive regulation regulates. the only difference is in the use of the term "sharia tourism" in the fatwa while the content in the regional regulation uses the term "halal tourism".

The development of sharia tourism in Indonesia has some extraordinary challenges and obstacles throughout 2020-2022 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the 2019 GMTI data shows that by 2030, the number of Muslim tourists is projected to exceed 230 million worldwide. The opportunities, challenges, and obstacles shown in the development of sharia tourism require stakeholder follow-up as part of the growth of the sharia economy in the country. This study offers a theoretical framework for economic growth built on dynamic cycle theory because very few studies investigate it. Even though it is imperative to consider an analysis of economic growth with a dynamic cycle that focuses on the halal tourism sector because it is known to make a significant contribution that supports sustainable development conditions and vice versa. This study investigates one of the Islamic tourism development models originating from Ibn Khaldun's thoughts regarding the concept of the state relating to justice to obtain wealth in economic activity (through trade). The research method used is a literature study using content analysis that focuses on the thoughts of Ibn Khaldun as contained in his work entitled Muqadimmah and several relevant previous literatures. The findings reveal that there are two important points. First, Ibnu Khaldun proposes a framework to help countries face challenges of growth or problems of back-and-forth economic development including a dynamic cycle. The framework is based on a proposition of eight principles from a policy known as the eight wise principles or sentence hikammiyah consisting of sovereign power (al-mulk), sharia, human resources (ar-rijal), property (al-mal), development (al-imarah), justice (al-adl), a yardstick (al-mizan), and responsibility are cycles that occur with different durations. So in the end created three generations. Second, if Ibn Khaldun's thoughts about the eight principles of justice policy are embodied in sharia tourism development policies that are supported by the role of human resources, it will affect the reversal of sharia economic growth. It can be concluded that the dynamic cycle can support the development of sharia tourism and have an impact on sharia economic growth as long as the eight policy principles are implemented correctly according to sharia. Stakeholders need to consider the dynamic cycle for future sharia tourism development policies.

Interest in sharia tourism must be responded to by developing sharia tourism businesses in Lampung Province, so that it can help move the economy of Lampung Province. Unfortunately, at this time sharia tourism in Lampung Province itself is still being done half-heartedly. It has been proven that it is only limited to conventional tourism development. If it is done well, it will certainly be a huge opportunity, and it has the potential to boost the country's foreign exchange reserves for the Muslim tourist market of Lampung Province. This study uses a qualitative research approach. The increase in tourist visits shows that Lampung Province has a magnet for tourists who want to visit Lampung Province. The economic potential of halal tourism in Lampung Province can be seen from pilgrimage, culinary and cultural tourism which can continue to be developed into a lucrative economic potential especially with the support of the government and other elements such as academics and practitioners. The opportunity for halal tourism in Lampung Province is very large because the majority of the population of Lampung Province is Muslim and the increasing number of tourists both local and foreign who come to Lampung Province. At the same time, the tourism potential that is owned is also very much in demand. However, several challenges that Lampung Province must also pay attention to are how then the marketing strategy can be carried out properly and accommodate the interests of other tourists (non-Muslims). Therefore, it is very important to develop halal tourism because its influence is not only on the Islamic economic sector but also a source of state income.

Sharia tourism policy is a government effort to develop the tourism sector by prioritizing sharia principles in all aspects. These measures include services that value Islamic teachings, such as sharia-based places to stay, restaurants that serve halal food, and entertainment programs that adhere to Islamic ethics. The aim of this policy is to increase the attractiveness of tourism among Muslim tourists and at the same time create a tourist environment that is in accordance with Islamic teachings. Thus, the sharia tourism policy is expected to contribute positively to economic growth and fulfillment of the spiritual needs of the local community. sharia tourism is the implementation of sharia principles into a form of travel activities of sharia tourist destinations. The development of Islamic tourism is currently growing rapidly because it is very much in demand by Muslim tourists who are looking for alternative travel in accordance with the principles of Islamic sharia, this research reaches the implementation of the concept of Islamic tourism in tourist destinations that are very popular and in great demand in areas with a majority Muslim population. This research uses a qualitative approach that analyzes accommodation, culinary, and tourist activities that integrate Islamic values, the results of this study show that Islamic tourism policies have a significant impact on the economic development of the region, this research discusses the Islamic tourism system and its policies where these two things have a significant impact on local economic development, through a case study approach and economic data analysis, this research identifies the effect of regional tourism policies on regional economic development.

In this study, it was discussed about the role of sharia tourism as a means of Indonesian public diplomacy to increase the number of tourist visits and the regional economy, especially in Bandung City which is a sharia tourist destination. The research method used is qualitative with an approach to the concept of public diplomacy and Islamic tourism. The results showed that Indonesia's public diplomacy efforts in promoting itself as a sharia tourist destination have succeeded in attracting foreign tourists, especially Muslim tourists, as well as investment. In addition, sharia tourism has also experienced a positive increase, so that the increase in the number of tourist visits and investment can be used to develop the regional economy, especially in Bandung City as a sharia tourist destination

According to data from The Global Islamic Economy Report cited by Reuters (2015) predicts that it will increase in 2019 to 238 billion dollars and represent 13% of global contests. Projections of Muslim tourists will increase so that Madura Island, which is still just developing, is able to take advantage of these opportunities and can take advantage of one of the sharia tourism development destinations that must be able to take advantage of these opportunities and prove that the Madura economy is capable and competitive. Sharia tourism is a tourism concept that makes it easy for Muslim tourists to fulfill their travel needs. The analytical method used to formulate the strategy is SOAR analysis using a matrix that is adapted to research needs. The results of this study include 1) Planning and developing tourism through the creation of promotional media, both print media and social media that are integrated with the website to attract tourists and investors. 2) Rearrange and classify tourist objects by making clear, persuasive, informative and binding regulatory plans. 3) Madura Island tour packages in collaboration with relevant agencies or travel agents. 4) Creating training and coaching activities for local youth or synergizing with local communities in an effort to build excellent service. 5) Provide facilities and infrastructure that support Madura Island tourism comprehensively, such as a safe, communicative and integrated information service center. 6) Coordinate and map areas that are tailored to the needs and expected numbers. In addition, making regulations and coaching for owners of tourist agents, owners of inns/hotels or synergizing with the surrounding community.

This study examines the sharia tourism policy in Banten Province related to the preservation of Islamic educational values, local cultural heritage, and modern challenges in the implementation of sharia tourism policies. This articles also aims to increase the competitiveness of Banten as a halal tourism destination in Indonesia and attract Muslim tourists from within and outside the country. The research method uses sociological juridical. The results of the study indicate that the sharia tourism policy in Banten contributes significantly to maintaining Islamic educational values and local cultural identity. However, the legal policy also poses challenges in creating an inclusive tourism environment, especially for non-Muslim tourists and local communities such as the Baduy indigenous community. There is a potential for exclusivity that can limit Banten's appeal to a wider range of visitors and affect the economic sustainability of local businesses that depend on diverse tourists. A balance between economic growth, preservation of Islamic values and cultural diversity is needed to create a sustainable, inclusive and adaptive tourism model to local socio-cultural dynamics.