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Abstract
A municipal council is one of the local authorities established under the auspice of Malaysian local government. The objective is to deliver services to a community under its jurisdiction in a sustainable manner, but evidences indicated that the service qualities have deteriorated due to numerous malpractices. The malpractices could be prevented should any of the insiders who witness the incidences whistle blow to those who have power to act. However, not many are willing to report for fear of reprisal, retaliation and even life threatening. Despite that a whistleblowing system is established to encourage whistleblowing, such system has yet to be formed in any of Malaysian municipal councils. Intrigued with the issue, the objective of this study is to explore a model of whistle blowing system for a Malaysian municipal council. A hermeneutic phenomenography study was conducted in which data were gathered through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The participants consisted of four top management and sixty officials from a Malaysian municipal council. Data were analyzed qualitatively using Nvivo 14 and triangulated with other source of documents. The findings from emergent themes proposed a model of the whistleblowing system that consisted of four elements namely protection, internal control policies, incentives and ethical culture. This discovery provides useful insights to policy makers, relevant authorities, and academic fraternities of the model of whistle blowing system that will alleviate malpractices and thus elevate the transparency, efficiency and integrity of the municipal council to the fullest.
Highlights
Malaysian government system is manifested by three tiers namely Federal, State and Local
The objective of this study is to explore a model of whistleblowing system for a municipal council
Limitation and Suggestion for Future Study This study only explores on a whistleblowing model for a municipal council in Malaysian context
Summary
Malaysian government system is manifested by three tiers namely Federal, State and Local. The local government is the lowest tier with four types of councils under its purview that are city, municipal, district and special or modified. A municipal status would be granted for a council that serves a community of more than 150,000 residents and earns an income of not less than RM 20 million per annum. A municipal council is empowered to set up its own local projects and standards for the community that it serves, if it does not contravene any national legislation. The interest of residents who are paying municipal taxes and services charges is in the expectation that the essential infrastructure will be delivered and maintained in a sustainable manner. With good governance and proper financial management, the municipal council is expected to render the best service and advertently promote social and economic development of the residents under its jurisdiction.
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