Abstract
Due to high demand in the industry field, fuel supply has been reduced due to overconsumption. Algae served as the most promising biofuels; Cyanobacteria is preferred as a material for producing biodiesel based on the comparative advantage. Cyanobacteria can produce high lipids profiles that can be used to produce biofuel or biodiesel. The present investigation aimed to identify the application of Cyanobacteria that have proposed lipid standards for the algae biofuel industry. Three main objectives are involved in these experiments: to isolate and identify different strains of Cyanobacteria, convert the lipid from microalgae into biodiesel through transesterification, and estimate the proposed lipid standard of Cyanobacteria for the algae biofuel industry. The microalgae involve isolated using a plankton net. The water sample is brought into the lab for the identification of Cyanobacteria. After the Cyanobacteria are identified, the Cyanobacteria undergo mass cultivation to ensure the biomass is enough for lipid screening. After lipid content is identified, the lipid in the Cyanobacteria is extracted and further transesterification process. The GC analysis showed the variation of fatty acid in this cyanobacterium, a saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acid. The study also revealed that hexadecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid was found in Oscillatoria sp. Lipid screening can determine the quantity of lipid present in the Cyanobacteria to estimate the lipid content for biofuel production.
Highlights
Nowadays, many countries have become dependent on another renewable source that can replace fossil fuels
Results revealed that Oscillatoria sp. produces a higher amount of n-hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, pentadecanoic acid methyl ester and tetradecanoic acid methyl ester
The lipid screening of cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. from GC-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) shows a few types of fatty acid that can be converted into biodiesel
Summary
Many countries have become dependent on another renewable source that can replace fossil fuels. The continued combustion of fossil fuels has created severe environmental concerns over global warming due to the increased release of greenhouse gases (GHG) (Deepanraj et al, 2017; Bhuyar et al, 2020a). This situation leads to the production of biofuel. This biofuel has gained attention around the world. Biodiesel is one example of biofuel that is getting attention worldwide until biodiesel becomes an asset for a country, especially in growing their economies (Bhuyar et al, 2020d)
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