Abstract
Growth in open-source hardware designs combined with the low-cost of high performance optoelectronic and robotics components has supported a resurgence of in-house custom lab equipment development. We describe a low cost (below $700), open-source, fully customizable high-throughput imaging system for analytical microbiology applications. The system comprises a Raspberry Pi camera mounted on an aluminium extrusion frame with 3D-printed joints controlled by an Arduino microcontroller running open-source Repetier Host Firmware. The camera position is controlled by simple G-code scripts supplied from a Raspberry Pi singleboard computer and allow customized time-lapse imaging of microdevices over a large imaging area. Open-source OctoPrint software allows remote access and control. This simple yet effective design allows high-throughput microbiology testing in multiple formats including formats for bacterial motility, colony growth, microtitre plates and microfluidic devices termed ‘lab-on-a-comb’ to screen the effects of different culture media components and antibiotics on bacterial growth. The open-source robot design allows customization of the size of the imaging area; the current design has an imaging area of ~420 × 300mm, which allows 29 ‘lab-on-a-comb’ devices to be imaged which is equivalent 3480 individual 1μl samples. The system can also be modified for fluorescence detection using LED and emission filters embedded on the PiCam for more sensitive detection of bacterial growth using fluorescent dyes.
Highlights
Traditional methods of microbiological screening are time consuming, laborious, resulting in high costs for time and labour
We have described a simple, low-cost microfluidic device that can be used to measure multiple antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria using the metabolic sensitive dye, resazurin [12] that detects bacterial growth by colour change from blue to pink
The bacterial strains were routinely cultivated on lysogeny broth (LB) agar (Sigma-Aldrich) at 37 ̊C
Summary
Traditional methods of microbiological screening are time consuming, laborious, resulting in high costs for time and labour. Even within clinical microbiology labs, where a large number of samples are processed, automation remains low [1, 2]. Open source time-lapse imaging robotics for analytical microbiology
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