Abstract
Explicit analytical mathematical models for use in water-quality simulation studies and management of distribution-system storage are developed. The proposed models can be used effectively for investigating the mixing characteristics of tanks and subsequent effects on water quality, and can directly supplement any of the existing distribution-system water-quality simulators. These models are formulated analytically from mass-balance principles, where specific hydrodynamic processes are modeled conceptually. The resulting models are simple to understand and implement and are well suited to the needs of those practicing engineers who wish to write and run their own programs. The performance of the models is illustrated by application to actual tank data taken from a previous paper. Enhancement of distribution-system water-quality management is a principal benefit of the developed models.
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