Expert assessment of animal infectious pathology nosological profile boundaries in a specific agroclimatical zone

V.V Sochnev,J.V Pashkina,O.V Kozyrenko,A.V Pashkin,A.N Gorina,E.P Sisyagina,V.M Avilov,D Fayzrakhmanov,R Shaydullin,B Ziganshin,F Nezhmetdinova

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20201700213

Abstract

Functioning of 51 parasitic systems has been retrospectively ascertained in the South-Eastern agroclimatic zone of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, their co-agents, apart from their excitants, being productive and non-productive domestic and wild animals. For the entire depth of retrospection (82 years) eleven nosounits of infectious pathology in the region (21.6%) dominated in the quantity of epizootic foci and diseased animals (rabies, dictyocaulosis, infectious atrophic rhinitis, classical pig plague, pyroplasmosis, salmonellosis, swine erysipelas, anthrax, fasciolasis, blackleg, aphtha). They accounted for 241 episootic foci in the nosological profile of infectious pathology (68.5% of the total quantity of animal infectious disease epizootic foci in the region throughout the retrospection). At the same time, 13 nosounits in the investigated territory were registered only once during the entire period of retrospection, no expansion of the boundaries of their epizootic manifestation was ascertained, and carryover of the excitant of these infectious diseases beyond the limits of the original epizootic focus was prevented. Relapses of their epizootic occurrences in the region were prevented as well. Ten nosounits of animal infectious pathology (18%) in the aggregate animal pathology in the examined region during the entire period of retrospection were registered twice (hen typhus, swine and cattle taeniasis, swine metastrongylosis, contagious cattle rhinotracheitis, hen ascaridiasis, cattle parainfluenza, bee nosematosis). In addition, potential danger of animal infectious pathology spontaneous emergence and expansion was revealed in the South-Eastern zone of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (anthrax, blackleg, cattle tuberculosis, fasciolasis, classical and African pig plague, pyroplasmosis, echinococcosis, rabies). Schematic models of the biological hazard epizootic component potential threat in the region have been designed. New scientific data have been obtained about the epizootic condition dynamics of rural and urban territories in the region as a biological hazard epizootological component, about regional peculiarities of animal infectious pathology specific nosounits, about their potential epidemic danger in the region.

Highlights

Biological hazard in specific regions of Russia, just as in other countries, is formed with consideration of the epizootic component, i.e. the set of animal nosounits that simultaneously pose a threat to animals and humans. [1, 2].An animal infectious pathology nosological profile always has its regional peculiarities and, as a rule, is due to the geographical range of specific infections and invasions excitants [3].In the second half of the last century a theory of infectious parasitic systems formation and functioning about the evolution of parasite-host relations was made public in Russia [3,4,5].According to the example of specific contagious diseases there formed a theory of epidemic process self-regulation
The nosological profile of productive animal infectious pathology in the South-Eastern zone of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast was studied using a digital technology and presented for each nosounit with problematicity, focality, epizooticity index, incidence and prevalence, death rate and lethality parameters and it was ascertained that 11 nosological forms (21.6% of their total quantity in the region) constantly and 3 nosounits intermittently (5.9%) dominated in the region for the entire depth of retrospection
It was ascertained that the nosounits dominating in the nosological profile of animal infectious pathology in the district accounted for 261 epizootic foci (74.1% of the total quantity of all nosounits’ epizootic foci), on average 18.6±4.3 epizootic foci per one nosounit, or 3.4 times more than the average parameter for all animal infectious diseases in the region under study

Summary

Introduction

Biological hazard in specific regions of Russia, just as in other countries, is formed with consideration of the epizootic component, i.e. the set of animal nosounits (diseases) that simultaneously pose a threat to animals and humans. [1, 2].An animal infectious pathology nosological profile always has its regional peculiarities and, as a rule, is due to the geographical range of specific infections and invasions excitants [3].In the second half of the last century a theory of infectious parasitic systems formation and functioning about the evolution of parasite-host relations was made public in Russia [3,4,5].According to the example of specific contagious diseases there formed a theory of epidemic (epizootic) process self-regulation. Biological hazard in specific regions of Russia, just as in other countries, is formed with consideration of the epizootic component, i.e. the set of animal nosounits (diseases) that simultaneously pose a threat to animals and humans. An animal infectious pathology nosological profile always has its regional peculiarities and, as a rule, is due to the geographical range of specific infections and invasions excitants [3]. In the second half of the last century a theory of infectious parasitic systems formation and functioning about the evolution of parasite-host relations was made public in Russia [3,4,5]. According to the example of specific contagious diseases there formed a theory of epidemic (epizootic) process self-regulation. Davydovskiy’s teaching about causation in medicine [6]

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Conclusion