Abstract
Abstract Directed self-assembly provides a promising route to assemble small-scale structures for engineering applications. Typically, a local particle density has to be controlled to assemble specific structural features defect-free. The strong non-linearity of self-assembly systems complicates such control. Therefore, in this work, a gain-scheduling approach for automated control of directed self-assembly is developed and experimentally tested. An empirical input-output model is developed from experimental data, which is used to design a scheduling approach for a feedback controller. The controller is tested in a microfluidic cell with patterned electrodes to direct the self-assembly process with electric fields. The experimental results demonstrate a significantly improved dynamic performance over a broad range of operating parameters when gain-scheduling is considered compared to a conventional feedback controller.
Published Version
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