Abstract
Vacuum grouting is a new grouting method to control the groundwater in geotechnical engineering, which is often used in the strata where penetration grouting is difficult to reach an expected slurry diffusion radius, such as sand and silt strata. There are some theoretical studies about the influence of the vacuum field on the law of the slurry diffusion. However, the research on soil properties is rare. In this paper, through a self-designed grouting device, grouting in the silty sand after vacuum field action is studied. The test results indicate that with the increase in vacuum degree, the grouting capacity has an obvious improvement. When the vacuum degree is −15 kPa, the grouting capacity increased by 45.9% compared with the blank control group (0 kPa). Then, through the thermogravimetric analyzer and zeta potential meter the change of bound water and electric double layer in the silty sand after the effect of the vacuum field through a small device is studied. The results show that the effect of the vacuum field could make an influence on free water and loosely bound water, but the change of firmly bound water is unnoticeable. With the change of the vacuum degree, the variation of the water is increased. When the vacuum degree is −15 kPa, compared with the blank control group, the variable weight of free water is 5.79% and loosely bound water is 2.86%. As the bound water has a relationship with the effective void ratio, it can be inferred that the vacuum field may have an effect on the permeability coefficient of silty sand. These conclusions provide a reference for the theoretical study of vacuum grouting.
Highlights
Nowadays, grouting is a widely used method that can reinforce strata and control groundwater [1]
Since the grouting capacity is related to the permeability coefficient of the silty sand and the permeability coefficient is related to the effective void ratio, the change in the effective void ratio can be characterized by the bound water
At − 5 kPa, the change rate of loosely bound water is the largest. erefore, the grouting capacity change is most obvious in the grouting test. Both vacuum grouting test and microcosmic property test are conducted to investigate the effect of the vacuum field to silty sand with different vacuum degrees
Summary
Nowadays, grouting is a widely used method that can reinforce strata and control groundwater [1]. Vacuum grouting is equivalent to increasing the pressure gradient of the slurry, so it can solve the problems that often appear in traditional methods, such as diffusion radius is not enough and ground surface heave [8,9,10]. Wang [11] through the laboratory experiment, which used the vacuum grouting method, studied the diffusion law of slurry and found it has a noticeable water stop effect. Shen [12] used the vacuum grouting method to study the diffusion law in different strata and found that it can achieve directional grouting through controlling the vacuum field. Zhang [13] studied the distribution of the vacuum field in the fine sand stratum and found the diffusion law of slurry under different vacuum degrees
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