Abstract
Objective To explore the protective effect of special electromagnetic field treated water (SEW) and far infrared rays (IFR) on endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) induced ARDS rats and the effect on inflammatory factors. Methods 40 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 in each group. Preventive experiment: Adaptive feeding was carried out for 1 week according to animal feeding standards. Rats in SEW group drank SEW daily. Samely, rats in SEW and FIR group also drank SEW daily. Besides, rats in SEW and FIR group were also given far infrared rays for 20min/d. Rats in model group drank distilled water daily. After 7 days, rats in each group were injected with LPS (2 mg/kg) via the tail vein for making models. Rats in blank control group were given distilled water for 7 days, without modeling. All rats in the 4 groups were put to death under anesthesia 16 hours after modeling. Lung tissue and abdominal aortic blood were taken from these rats. Results Pathological observation of lung and lung tissue indicated that rats in model group showed great pathological difference from rats in blank group. Rats in intervention group showed more symptomatic improvement in relation to alveolar and pulmonary interstitial congestion, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration than rats in model group. The level of inflammatory factors like IL-1β and IL-6 in serum of rats in model group increased compared to blank control group (p<0.05). Comparing SEW group and SEW and FIR group with model group, levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum of rats both decreased remarkably (IL-Iβ: P < 0.05; IL-6: P < 0.01) while there was no obvious difference between SEW group and SEW and FIR group (p>0.05). The lung coefficient (LI) in SEW and FIR group was significantly lower than that in model group (P<0.01), which was higher than that of blank control group (P < 0.05), while there was no obvious difference between model group and SEW group (P>0.05). Compared with blank control group, lung permeability index (LPI) in model group showed no obvious difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Special electromagnetic field treated water and far infrared rays can alleviate lung tissue damage of endotoxin-induced ARDS rats, relieving symptoms of alveolar and pulmonary interstitial congestion, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The protective effect of special electromagnetic field treated water and far infrared rays on endotoxin-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome may result from their role in reducing the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and the expression level of p65 protein in lung tissue, in addition to reliving inflammatory response, lung coefficient, and lungs edema.
Highlights
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical critical illness with complicated pathogenesis and poor therapeutic effect, and patients with ARDS are highly exposed to multiple organ failure and even death
The pathology of rats in the model group showed that the alveolar blunt was not clear, the structure was broken, the pulmonary interstitial edema appeared, the alveolar wall thickened, the alveolar space was reduced, a large amount of inflammatory exudate and red blood cells could be seen inside the alveolar space, a large amount of secretions could be seen in the bronchial cavity, the capillary wall congestion, and edema; compared with the model group, symptoms of rats in the special electromagnetic field treated water (SEW) group together with the SEW and FIR group were improved, and the degree of improvement was similar
The results of this experiment showed that ARDS rats had lung tissue damage, destroyed structure of lung tissue, pulmonary interstitial edema, inflammatory exudate in the alveoli, high level of IL-1β, IL-6 in serum and highly expressed p65 protein in lung tissues
Summary
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical critical illness with complicated pathogenesis and poor therapeutic effect, and patients with ARDS are highly exposed to multiple organ failure and even death. It is a worldwide public health problem with a very high mortality rate of more than 40% [1, 2]. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine therapy [3] together with lung recruitment is usually adopted to relieve respiratory distress and systemic hypoxia. Drug therapies like glucocorticoids, nitric oxide inhalation, pulmonary surfactant, and symptomatic treatment are often adopted though there is currently no reliable evidence from evidence-based medicine [4] for these therapies. Endothelial injury of pulmonary artery is often indicated by the increased lung coefficient
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