Abstract
With the development of tourism, the number of multistorey buildings in mountain areas is increasing gradually, and the requirements of the form and bearing capacity of foundation in landslide areas are getting more demanding than ever. In-situ testing of rock and soil mass in slope area has important practical significance for improving the stability of building foundation. Taking a project in Baishi Mountain located in southwest of China as an example, firstly, the geological structure and mechanical properties of soil are analyzed. Then, two types of pile foundations, i.e., empty-bottom pile foundations and solid-bottom pile foundations, are designed based on the characteristics of the geological structure for carrying out the static load test on pile foundation. The test results are as follows: (a) the load settlement curve (Q-S) of the empty-bottom test pile shows a steep drop, while the Q-S curve of the solid-bottom test pile shows a gradual change, showing that the end-bearing friction pile’s property and the ultimate bearing capacity of the solid-bottom pile are higher than those of the empty-bottom pile. (b) The maximum lateral friction of the four test piles is 139.158 kPa, 148.015 kPa, 150.828 kPa, and 154.956 kPa, respectively. (c) The shaft skin resistance under ultimate load is coming close to the maximum value, and the maximum values are 9.792 mm, 7.939 mm, 9.881 mm, and 14.97 mm, respectively. Research results can serve as design bases for the pile foundation of multistorey buildings located in landslide areas of Baishi Mountain in the southwest of China and also as references for the engineering application of pile foundation in similar geological fracture areas.
Highlights
Due to its high bearing capacity, small settlement, good stability, and other characteristics, pile foundation has been extensively studied by many scholars around the world in the past few decades
In the early research of pile foundation, the integrity of pile body and the bearing capacity of single pile are mainly tested by low strain integrity testing [1, 2], acoustic transmission method [3], penetration test (CPT) [4], and other methods, but the bearing capacity of pile foundation obtained by the above methods is only estimated value
According to Zhou et al [13], taking Wuding Expressway project in loess region as an example, the shaft skin resistance of six test piles is studied through static load testing and multiparameter statistical analysis. e multiparameter statistical analysis method is compared with the static load test results, and the error is controlled within 20%
Summary
Due to its high bearing capacity, small settlement, good stability, and other characteristics, pile foundation has been extensively studied by many scholars around the world in the past few decades. Before the static load test of pile foundation, multichannel transient surface wave test and superheavy (N120) cone dynamic sounding test are conducted on the test site area in order to determine the physical and mechanical properties of gravel soil. According to the standard values of the superheavy N120 dynamic sounding hammering count of the four test points and China Code for Investigation of Geotechnical Engineering (GB50021 2016) [18], it can be concluded that the density of gravel soil in the site is of medium density. According to the results of the above-mentioned multichannel transient surface wave test, superheavy (N120) cone dynamic sounding test, and gravel soil particle grading test, it is concluded that the geological structure of the site is complex, the content of gravel soil is high, and the nonuniformity between particles is high.
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