Abstract
The hazards induced by stratified rock mass creep are still one of the major problems that threaten the safety of underground engineering. This paper takes safe construction of underground roadway in Urumqi mining area as the research background. In this study, we mainly adopted rock mechanics experiments to accomplish the research on creep behavior and crack evolution of stratified structural sandstone. Creep deformation characteristics of stratified structural sandstone under different load were revealed; also, we analyzed the reason why a part of rock samples failed but others were not under the same load. Creep behavior and crack evolution of rock samples without stratified structure have significant randomness. The crack evolution and failure characteristics of stratified structural rock samples were mainly manifested as failure along and cutting through structural plane and their combined forms. Creep strain, creep duration, and creep rate of rock samples with stratified structure had a nonlinear relationship with applied load, such as exponential function or logarithmic function. Understanding the evolutionary relationship between the above parameters and load provides a basis for obtaining the creep behavior of stratified rock mass under different load conditions.
Highlights
Creep of rock is common in the underground engineering, which leads to time-sensitive characteristics of crack evolution in rock deformation [1,2,3]
In order to further study the response of nonstratified structural samples under constant load, we studied the viscoelastic parameters, analyzed the experimental data of the USN rock samples, and revealed the reasons why some rock samples did not fail
Kelvin shear modulus GK, Maxwell shear modulus GM, Kelvin viscosity ηK, and Maxwell viscosity ηM were obtained through parameter estimation (Table 2)
Summary
Creep of rock is common in the underground engineering, which leads to time-sensitive characteristics of crack evolution in rock deformation [1,2,3]. In terms of deep rock engineering construction, the service time of large underground tunnel increases obviously, and the general expected life is from several decades to more than a hundred years. It is important for disaster control to study the development of creep deformation and crack evolution of deep rock mass. Liu et al [9] studied creep behavior and characteristic of saturated rock under high stress in uniaxial single-stage load and graded incremental cyclic load mode, providing a basis for deformation control and disaster relief of deep saturated rock mass. Dubey and Gairola [10] used experimental means to study the influence of internal anisotropy of rock salt on its creep behavior and control effect
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