Abstract
This study aims to solve the difficulties in the coupling between space light and single-mode fiber (SMF) in free-space optical communication. A fiber coupler based on two-dimensional (2D) piezoelectric ceramics was developed, which uses the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm to realize the automatic coupling of space light-SMF. In addition, a spatial light-SMF alignment experimentation platform was built indoors to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the 2D piezoelectric ceramic fiber coupler. The results show that the use of the SPGD algorithm can realize the automatic alignment of fiber position coupling, and the SMF coupling efficiency reaches 52.58% when the system is closed loop. 2D piezoelectric ceramic fiber couplers have unique advantages of low cost, simplified structure, and easy array expansion and can effectively solve the difficulty in the alignment of spatial light-SMF coupling. This study will serve as a significant reference for the research on spatial fiber-coupled array technology.
Highlights
Free-space optical communication (FSOC) has broad application prospects in military and civil applications due to its high transmission speed, large information transmission capacity, strong confidentiality, and antielectromagnetic interference and has become a research hotspot
Space optical coupling technology is a key technology in FSOC technology. e efficient and stable coupling of space light into optical fiber is the key to ensuring communication efficiency and decoding the success rate of the receiving system [1]. e spatial light-fiber coupling is affected by factors, such as atmospheric turbulence, platform jitter, and alignment deviation between the fiber end face and focus spot [2, 3]. erefore, improving the coupling efficiency of space light to single-mode fiber (SMF) by suppressing atmospheric turbulence, compensating for random jitter, and correcting alignment deviation is a key technology in the field of high-speed laser communication
In 2012, Takenaka et al [4] designed a fast mirror that can work at high frequencies under the atmospheric turbulence condition, verified the tracking characteristics of the spot position in the spatial optical coupling, and improved the efficiency of optical fiber coupling by compensating the jitter error caused by atmospheric turbulence
Summary
Free-space optical communication (FSOC) has broad application prospects in military and civil applications due to its high transmission speed, large information transmission capacity, strong confidentiality, and antielectromagnetic interference and has become a research hotspot. Erefore, improving the coupling efficiency of space light to single-mode fiber (SMF) by suppressing atmospheric turbulence, compensating for random jitter, and correcting alignment deviation is a key technology in the field of high-speed laser communication. A radical deviation exists between the fiber end face and the focused spot At this time, the light field distribution of the parallel beam at the focal plane can be expressed as. If the position of the fiber end face in the focused spot can be quickly and accurately controlled, the effect of static alignment deviation on the coupling efficiency of the fiber and the effect of platform vibration on the coupling efficiency can be compensated, thereby achieving high efficiency and stable spatial light-SMF coupling
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