Abstract
Hydrogen, which is a harmful element, has a great effect on the mechanical properties of steel, should be removed during the steel manufacture process. The evolution of hydrogen content in steel during electroslag remelting process is experimentally investigated. The results show that during the electroslag remelting process, the hydrogen content in steel firstly increases steeply to maximum, then decreases to minimum and reaches the equilibrium. For a prefixed slag composition, the final hydrogen content in steel depends on the initial hydrogen content and the atmospheric moisture. When the electroslag remelting is operated under the argon protected atmosphere, the hydrogen in steel increased slightly. With the increase of the atmospheric moisture, the hydrogen content in steel increased significantly, and the larger atmospheric moisture is, the more significant influence on the hydrogen content in steel is. Moreover the mathematical formula to predict the hydrogen content in steel from the initial hydrogen content and the atmospheric moisture is derived: w%He=0.359w%HS+0.016pH2O/pΘ+0.525 It could be used to forecast the final hydrogen content in ESR ingot.
Highlights
The Electroslag remelting process (ESR) has a great superiority in high quality ingot production with its excellent metallurgical reaction conditions and special melting crystallization method
In order to study the hydrogen transfer during electroslag remelting process, the special steel L80-13Cr, whose composition is listed in Table 1, was remelted under air atmosphere and protective atmosphere by using a laboratory MoSiO2 furnace
The first group samples were remelting under atmosphere, without argon as protection gas, and the second group samples were remelting under argon atmosphere with different initial hydrogen content, at the last third group samples were remelting under different moisture
Summary
The Electroslag remelting process (ESR) has a great superiority in high quality ingot production with its excellent metallurgical reaction conditions and special melting crystallization method. To understand hydrogen transport in the electroslag remelting process, a determination of the species in the gas, flux, and metal phases is necessary It is believed 9,10 that the hydrogen in the ESR ingots mainly comes from water vapors in the mold atmosphere, flux moisture content, slag system and hydrogen in the consumable electrode. In Mitchell’s 16 work, he briefly reviewed the slag components and properties evolving with the electroslag remelting process, and the effects of slag on the hydrogen transfer and inclusion composition control. He considered that the transport behavior of the slags was treated with relation to the electrochemical, heat and mass transfer processes. The experiments focus on the influence of the atmosphere moisture and metal/ slag reaction to the hydrogen transfer and aim to find out the relationship between initial hydrogen content and final hydrogen content in different atmosphere moisture
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