Abstract
Pedestrian dynamics are affected by several factors including pedestrian compositions. In this article, we examine the movement characteristics of Palestinian pedestrians using the fundamental diagram for single-file movement experiments conducted with an emphasis on gender compositions. Our findings show that the mean velocity of exclusively male pedestrians is approximately the same as exclusively female pedestrians. For instance, when the number of pedestrians is 20, the velocities for male and female are $0.72 \pm {0.10} \,\,ms^{-1}$ and $0.71 \pm {0.11} \,\,ms^{-1}$ , respectively, whereas their velocity decreases gradually if they walk in mixed groups with an average velocity of $0.61 \pm {0.11} \,\,ms^{-1}$ . We also compare our findings with other culture-based experiments to demonstrate that pedestrian cultures have an effect on their movement characteristics. Moreover, we demonstrate that age is another factor that affects pedestrians’ movement. A comparative analysis is performed between Palestinian and Chinese experiments for this purpose. Our results confirm that for relatively high densities older Chinese pedestrians walk faster than young Palestinians in groups of mixed gender.
Highlights
Several factors affect the mobility of pedestrians
Our single-file movement experiments focused on gender, culture, and age factors and were compared to German, Indian and Chinese experiments
When male and female pedestrians walked in a mixed-gender group, they started to reduce their velocities due to social conventions
Summary
Among these are building layouts [1], desired destinations, psychological and physiological factors [2], and surroundings (people, obstacles) [3], [4] Understanding each of these factors plays a crucial role in the development of various application domains such as socially-aware robots [5], autonomous vehicle navigation systems [6] and human trajectory prediction models [7]. Another important factor that needs to be considered when studying pedestrian dynamics is the composition of pedestrian groups, such as age and gender. Less attention has been paid to date to the characteristics of pedestrians among different gender
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