Abstract
The experimental investigation presented in this research was performed in order to examine the possibility of the removal of SO2 from flue gases by cleaning with a solution of lime suspension and formic acid (Ca(OH)2 and HCOOH). Research was conducted in a laboratory plant (rotary kiln) of 44 kW. The mass of the lime suspension (LS) was 400 g. The mass of the LS was homogenized (mixed) in a sample cup with 2 g (0.5%), 4 g (1%) and 8 g (2%) of 60% formic acid. The solution was placed in a gas washing bottle, where a partial flow of flue gas generated by the combustion of diesel fuel was injected. Simultaneously with the diesel fuel combustion, SO2 from a bottle was injected in a rotary kiln. The average mass concentration of SO2 in the flue gas at the entry point of the gas washing bottle was around 2900 ppm. The results indicated that the absorption of SO2 by the cleaning of flue gas with LS was 96.83%. Adding formic acid to the LS in mass ratios of 0.5% (2 g), 1% (4 g) and 2% (8 g) resulted in absorptions of 99.25%, 98.77% and 98%, respectively. The absorption of flue gases in the gas washing bottle with LS, with the addition of formic acid in the mentioned ratios, showed a reduction in sulfates and pH value, and a rise in sulfides and calcium, respectively.
Highlights
The world’s need for energy, electric energy in particular, is in a constant rise
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the desulfurization of flue gases from a 44 kW rotary kiln
The partial flow of flue gas created by the combustion of diesel fuel, with a simultaneous addition of SO2 into the rotary kiln, was introduced into the gas washing bottle, where flue gases were cleaned
Summary
The world’s need for energy, electric energy in particular, is in a constant rise. Fossil fuel resources (coal, oil and gas) are being depleted. Jeong and Lee [11] researched the efficiency of the simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO2 by adding formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid to the limestone (CaCO3 ) slurry, but there are hardly any literature data on the improvement of SO2 removal from flue gases by lime suspension with the addition of formic acid In this regard, a number of researchers [12–22] explored and developed a series of procedures for SO2 reduction, in order to find the optimal and economic procedure. A number of researchers [12–22] explored and developed a series of procedures for SO2 reduction, in order to find the optimal and economic procedure Having this in mind, the authors of this paper explored the possibility of the application of a solution of lime suspension and formic acid for the removal of SO2 from flue gas since formic acid enhances the absorption process. The high-level efficiency of SO2 removal from flue gas by the use of the mentioned solution and practical application in the SO2 reduction from thermal energy plants, heating plants and, especially, thermal power plants was the main reason that inspired the authors to conduct this research
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