Abstract
Objectives: To study experimental investigation on index and engineering properties of fine-grained soils by conducting laboratory tests and to prepare a soil spatial map using ArcGIS software of Gimbichu town, Ethiopia. Methods: Hence, ten test pits were selected according to the variation of the soil and the distribution of the dwellings. The soil samples were collected by direct manual excavated to 1.5m and 3.0m depth on which both laboratory and field tests were conducted for index and shear properties. Findings: Index properties revealed that soils in the study area are mostly silt soils with high plasticity and partly low plasticity. It is indicated that the soils are medium to very stiff with unconfined compressive strength of 53.70 to 216.40kPa and undrained shear strength of 26.67 to 108.20 kPa. Permeability and consolidation investigation results presented soils in the town are silt group. The spatial soil property map is created for experimentally determined results at 1.50m and 3.0m depths using ArcGIS software to retain soil properties in order to earn time and cost of the investigation in the field and laboratory. These maps are required for recognizing, identifying, and classification of soil categories within delineated parts of the current study town. Novelty: Investigation and ArcGIS spatial mapping for soil properties are essential for future boosting of the design and construction buildings of this town that was not applied before in investigation lagged areas like Gimbichu town. Keywords: ArcGIS Mapping; Experimental study; Index properties; Shear parameters; Soil class
Highlights
Investigations of soils are so important that all infrastructure constructions use naturally occurring soil materials as the foundation as well as construction material [1]
Fine-grained soils are usual in the practice of civil engineering activities that their engineering behaviors are highly affected by adverse environmental conditions like moisture variation than coarse-grained soils
The index and shear properties are essential areas of geotechnical engineering studies that are needed to identify, characterize, design, and construct on soil and soil material[8]. Those properties which help to assess the engineering behaviors of soil and which assist in determining its classification accurately are termed Index Properties [9]
Summary
Investigations of soils are so important that all infrastructure constructions use naturally occurring soil materials as the foundation as well as construction material [1]. Unlike man-made materials, the soil properties are highly variable and a function of the Gaenamo et al / Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2022;15(4):166174 complex natural processes like geological, natural and human activities, moisture alteration. This is soils are commonly heterogeneous, nonlinear material, and typically anisotropic instead of being isotropic. Fine-grained soils are usual in the practice of civil engineering activities that their engineering behaviors are highly affected by adverse environmental conditions like moisture variation than coarse-grained soils They need better experience to use for engineering purposes. The shear strength determines the stability of slopes, the bearing capacity of soils, and the earth pressure on retaining structures [10]
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