Experimental ground for high-intensity laser wavelength choice for chronic hemorrhoids low-invasive surgical treatment

Abstract

Aim. To assess the morphological changes of rectal wall after the exposure to 970 and 1560 nm wavelength laser radiation and to choose the optimal wavelength for laser cauterization of hemorrhoids. Methods. Experiments to assess the effect of the exposure to 970 and 1560 nm wavelength laser radiation on rectal tissues were performed. Laser cauterization was modeled on white rats (two groups 18 animals each). «Mediola-Compact» semiconductor laser (manufactured by «Fotek» ldt, Belarus) was used. Animals of the first group were exposed to laser radiation with wavelength of 970 nm, 1560 nm wavelength was used in the second group. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment on day 1, 7 and 14 after the beginning of experiment to assess the morphologic features of the tissue fragments with destructive lesions after laser cauterization. Results. Less pronounced destructions and quicker healing were noted after the exposure to laser radiation with wavelength of 1560 nm compared to 970 nm. Statistically significant differences were revealed in general damage (U=3.5, р=0.00) and necrosis (U=0.0, р=0.00) areas depth both on day 7 and day 14 after the exposure. On day 14 no necrotic lesions were found in the second group, and general damage area was formed by granulations (U=0.00, р=0.00) compared to the first group where necrotic and inflammatory lesions persisted. Conclusion. In choosing the laser wavelength while developing rectal laser cauterization techniques for hemorrhoids, water-absorbed 1560 nm infra-red laser radiation should be preferred.