Abstract
Cement composites (CC) are among the composites most widely used in the construction industry, such as a durable waterproof and fire-resistant concrete layer, slope protection, and application in retaining wall structures. The use of 3D fabric embedded in the cement media can improve the mechanical properties of the composites. The use of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) can accelerate the production process of the CC and further contribute to improving the mechanical properties of the cement media. The purpose of this study is to promote the use of these cementitious composites by deepening the knowledge of their tensile properties and investigating the factors that may affect them. Therefore, 270 specimens (three types of stitch structure, two directions of the fabric, three water temperature values, five curing ages, with three repetitions) were made, and the tensile properties, absorbed energy, and the inversion effects were evaluated. The results showed that the curing conditions of the reinforced cementitious composite in water with temperature values of 7, 23, and 50 °C affect the tensile behavior. The tensile strength of the CCs cured in water with a temperature of 23 °C had the highest tensile strength, while 7 and 50 °C produced a lower tensile strength. The inversion effect has been observed in CC at 23 °C between 7 and 28 days, while this effect has not occurred in other curing temperature values. By examining three commercial types of stitches in fabrics and the performance of the reinforced cementitious composites in the warp direction, it was found that the structure of the “Tuck Stitch” has higher tensile strength and absorbed energy compared to “Knit stitch” and “Miss Stitch”. The tensile strength and fracture energy of the CC reinforced with “Tuck Stitch” fabric in the warp direction, by curing in 23 °C water for 7 days, were found to be 2.81 MPa and 1.65 × 103 KJ/m3, respectively. These results may be helpful in selecting the design and curing parameters for the purposes of maximizing the tensile properties of textile CAC composites.
Highlights
The development of lightweight composites with high tensile strength is gaining increasing attention by the industry in several sectors due to their versatility for numerous applications
The first part is focused on the tensile properties of different yarns, and the second investigates the tensile strength of the fabrics of the bottom and the top layer of the 3D fabric
Part 3 investigates the cement mortar properties under tension, and in the final section, the textile-reinforced cementitious composites obtained from the 3D fabric filled with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) mortar, after curing at different ages, were tested to investigate the effect of temperature and curing ages on the tensile properties of the Cement composites (CC)
Summary
The development of lightweight composites with high tensile strength is gaining increasing attention by the industry in several sectors due to their versatility for numerous applications. Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has several advantages: tensile strength, good flexibility, low weight, low thickness, and corrosion resistance [1,2] These advantages make them very appealing to the market for construction materials. Their potentialities and limitations have not been fully explored yet, especially when the textile reinforcement is used in combination with special types of cements such as low-emission calcium aluminate cements. For this reason, this study aims to contribute to deepening the knowledge on these types of cementitious composites, on their tensile properties and on the factors that may affect them
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