Abstract
This paper proposes a composite channel virtual time reversal mirror (CCVTRM) for vertical sensor array (VSA) processing and applies it to long-range underwater acoustic (UWA) communication in shallow water. Because of weak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it is unable to accurately estimate the channel impulse response of each sensor of the VSA, thus the traditional passive time reversal mirror (PTRM) cannot perform well in long-range UWA communication in shallow water. However, CCVTRM only needs to estimate the composite channel of the VSA to accomplish time reversal mirror (TRM), which can effectively mitigate the inter-symbol interference (ISI) and reduce the bit error rate (BER). In addition, the calculation of CCVTRM is simpler than traditional PTRM. An UWA communication experiment using a VSA of 12 sensors was conducted in the South China Sea. The experiment achieves a very low BER communication at communication rate of 66.7 bit/s over an 80 km range. The results of the sea trial demonstrate that CCVTRM is feasible and can be applied to long-range UWA communication in shallow water.
Highlights
Due to their multipath interactions, underwater acoustic (UWA) channels are considered one of the most challenging wireless communication environments
time reversal mirror (TRM) can be used for time compression and spatial focusing, making channel equalization and multipath interference reduction come true, in the absence of any prior knowledge [2], so it is widely studied in the field of UWA communications
A long-range UWA communication experiment using composite channel virtual time reversal mirror (CCVTRM) was conducted in the South China
Summary
Due to their multipath interactions, UWA channels are considered one of the most challenging wireless communication environments. In shallow water channel [1], specific multipath interference is strong enough to cause severe ISI resulting in symbol errors in UWA communication. TRM can be used for time compression and spatial focusing, making channel equalization and multipath interference reduction come true, in the absence of any prior knowledge [2], so it is widely studied in the field of UWA communications. ATRM requires two-way transmission by using a source-receive array (SRA) and a VSA, which makes it relatively complex. PTRM needs to estimate the channel impulse response of each sensor of the VSA, which is somewhat unrealistic in complex long-range shallow water environments, because the SNR of the received signals of each sensor is too weak to estimate the channels accurately. A long-range communication experiment in shallow water conducted in the South China Sea validates the practicability of this technology
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