Abstract
Flavour physics has a long tradition of paving the way for direct discoveries of new particles and interactions. Results over the last decade have placed stringent bounds on the parameter space of physics beyond the Standard Model. Early results from the LHC, and its dedicated flavour factory LHCb, have further tightened these constraints and reiterate the ongoing relevance of flavour studies. The experimental status of flavour observables in the charm and beauty sectors is reviewed in measurements of CP violation, neutral meson mixing, and measurements of rare decays.
Highlights
Flavour physics has given key contributions to the understanding of fundamental particles
Two tensions stand out at present: the discrepancy between the large mixing-induced CP asymmetry measured in semileptonic B0 and Bs0 decays [82] and the small CP violating phase in Bs0 mixing [83] on the one hand, and the discrepancy between sin(2β) and |Vub| measured from the branching ratio of B+ → τ +ν [38] on the other hand
The collaboration attempts to separate effects caused by Bs0 oscillations from those caused by B0 oscillations by indirectly studying the lifetime of the decaying B meson, and concludes that the asymmetry is largest at short lifetimes
Summary
Flavour physics has given key contributions to the understanding of fundamental particles. At the LHC, precision measurements of flavour physics are sensitive to new particles contributing to quantum loops up to scales of about 200 TeV [13] which, according to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle [14], correspond to distance scales of the order of 10−21 m. CP symmetry is violated if λf , as defined in Eq (2), deviates from 1 This can have different origins: the case |q/p| = 1 is called CP violation in mixing, |Af /Af | = 1 is CP violation in the decay, and a non-zero phase φ between q/p and Af /Af causes CP violation in the interference between mixing and decay. In D decays the focus has been on searches for CP violation and a precise understanding of the mixing parameters
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