Abstract
Binary stellar systems that involve a neutron star or two neutron stars make interesting phenomena, X-ray bursts and kilo-novae, respectively, which involve explosive burning either in the proton-rich environment or in the neutron-rich environment. These are very important problems for nuclear astrophysics. First, the current effort for the explosive hydrogen burning, the rapid proton capture (rp) process which would take place on a neutron star surface in X-ray burst is discussed together with a new X-ray observation that suggests the rp-process termination at around A = 100. The observation of the afterglow of the binary neutron star merger appears to be the kilo-nova predicted in the last decade in nuclear astrophysics, and to be the great success of the field. However, the detailed study of the kilo-nova by the r-process should be a great challenge for full understanding heavy element synthesis and the neutron star merger. Nuclear physics problems are discussed for the kilonova.
Highlights
The neutron stars (NS) seem quite interesting, and active objects in the universe
The property of neutron stars is of great interest for nuclear physics as they are almost like a giant atomic nuclei made of hadrons, but the real property is poorly known
This is a keen subject for nuclear physics to learn the equation of state of nuclear matter
Summary
The neutron stars (NS) seem quite interesting, and active objects in the universe. They were before thought to be quiet, dead objects at the end of stellar evolution. #$"$ 8=0AH BC4;;0A BHBC4;E4 0 =4DCA>= BC0A >A CF> ?A>1;4A =D2;40A 0BCA>?7HB82B 8ABC C74 2DAA4=C 455>AC 5>A C74 F>D;3 C0:4 ?;024 >= 0 =4DCA>= BC0A BDA5024 8= + A0H 1DABC 8B 38B2DBB43
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