Abstract
Pentanol or amyl alcohol, regarding its physical and chemical properties, is a type of alcohol that can be used as an alternative and sustainable fuel in diesel engine applications. In this study, three different fuel blends (Pt10, Pt20, and Pt30) prepared by adding various ratios (10%-30%) of 1-pentanol on a volume basis into pure diesel fuel with implementing the splash-blending method were used in a single-cylinder, four-stroke diesel-engine coupled with a generator. The effects of a next-generation alcohol addition to the diesel fuel on the engine performance and exhaust emission levels were examined meticulously. As a result of the experimental studies carried out in a constant engine speed of 3000 rpm at six different loads (0-2000 W) in a compression ignition engine, it was observed that the fuel consumption increased as the ratio of pentanol in fuel blends increased. Carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions obtained by using 1-pentanol/diesel fuel blends were found to be higher than that of conventional diesel fuel. The highest values for CO and HC emissions were obtained by the Pt30 fuel at all engine load conditions. However, it was determined that as the pentanol ratio in fuel blends increased, nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2) and smoke emissions, the most important disadvantage of pure diesel fuel, were reduced. Accordingly, it is concluded that 1-pentanol can be used as a fractional replacement for the diesel fuel.
Highlights
An average of 85 million barrels of oil has been consumed daily due to increasing energy needs in recent years all over the world
brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) results for diesel, Pt10, Pt20, and Pt30 were calculated to be as 371.14 g/kWh, 390.95 g/kWh, 407.68 g/kWh, and 422.83 g/kWh, respectively The increase in the concentration of 1-pentanol in the binary blend has led to a turn in up BSFC values
Since the tested engine maintains the same amount of power generation, it consumes more fuel while operating with 1-pentanol/diesel fuel blends owing to the fact that 1-pentanol possesses a lesser heat of combustion
Summary
An average of 85 million barrels of oil has been consumed daily due to increasing energy needs in recent years all over the world. The energy consumption speed around the world is about 300 thousand times higher than the speed of the formation of fossil-based fuels [1]. It is estimated that crude oil will be depleted in the 50 years [2]. The researches and development studies have continued for alternative and clean fuels that will replace crude oil. The search for alternative fuels has taken an important place in the world agenda in previous years [3]. Since the industrialized countries are the most important customers of oil exporters, this serious crisis has focused the researchers on the seek for alternative energy sources for the first time [5]
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