Experimental approbation of methodological and hardware-software speck-visualization in diagnosis of microcirculation of human surface biological tissues

Abstract

In modern clinical practice, the assessment of the state of blood microcirculation and the diagnosis of microcirculatory disorders are extremely relevant in a variety of diseases: in cardiology, diabetology, oncology, dermatology, dentistry, surgery and resuscitation. Microcirculatory disorders are very diverse both in their pathogenesis and in clinical manifestations. Therefore, in the pattern of various diseases and extreme conditions, as well as in the correction of microcirculatory disorders the methods are needed for both operative assessment of the state of blood flow at tissue level and for its long-term monitoring. The interest in the study of the microvascular bed of the circulatory system is sparked by the significant role of capillaries in the implementation of the basic processes of the body's vital activity, in the trophic support of organs and their direct participation in tissue and cellular respiration. The health and life expectancy of a person depend on the coordinated work of the heart, large blood lines, and microcirculation vessels. The authors have studied modern optical methods for diagnosing microcirculation. The feasibility of using the speckle imaging method for noninvasive rapid assessment of the state of the microvasculature of human surface biological tissues has been substantiated. To implement the speckle-visualization method, methodological and software have been developed. The processing parameters that are most optimal from the point of view of the ratio of spatiotemporal resolution and computation time have been experimentally substantiated. The purpose of this work is the experimental testing of the developed methodological and hardware speckle imaging for the diagnosis of microcirculation of human surface biological tissues. The authors have carried out the studies of the state of microcirculation in the superficial blood vessels of the skin during physiotherapeutic procedures and in the imitation of pathology. The results of the studies have proved the feasibility of using the developed software for a high-quality diagnosis of the state of microcirculation of human surface biological tissues: primary changes in microcirculation are revealed, further changes to occur during physiotherapeutic procedures are visualized.