Abstract
In turbomachinery the secondary flow system includes flow phenomena occurring outside the main channel, where the gaseous medium performs work on blades. Secondary air distribution constitutes a very complex and closely interrelated system that affects most of the gas turbine components. One of the most important examples of the secondary flow is leakage occurring in seals, e.g. at the rotor and stator tips, on the shaft or on the sides of the blade rim. Owing to its simplicity, low price, easy maintenance and high temperature capability, the labyrinth seal is a prime sealing solution that may be selected from numerous types of sealing structures applied in turbomachinery. For this reason, an experimental study of this particular structure has been carried out. The paper presents leakage performance of the smooth-land labyrinth seal.
Highlights
The continuous efforts to reduce emissions of pollutants and improve the reliability, comfort and safety of the operation of aircraft engines force designers and scientists to implement new structural solutions
The results presented in [1] may serve as an example here. They indicate that a rise in the air flow through sealing from 3.5% to 4.5%, calculated as the main flow percentage, involves an increase in the turbine outlet temperature by 15°C
The leakage size is big compared to other solutions
Summary
The continuous efforts to reduce emissions of pollutants and improve the reliability, comfort and safety of the operation of aircraft engines force designers and scientists to implement new structural solutions. The works mentioned above prove that the mass flow through the seal depends on many parameters, such as the inlet pressure, the inlet temperature, the Reynolds number, the angle of inflow onto the seal (initial preswirl), the pressure ratio, the seal relative motion and the architecture of the seal itself – the size of the clearance over the labyrinth fin in particular. In experiments carried out on stationary test rigs [6] [7] [8] the observed parameters are the dimensionless mass flow rate and the temperature and pressure distribution along the seal structure.
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