Abstract
Numerical and experimental studies on multi-bolt double cover butt jointed glass fibre reinforced composite laminates with Aluminium butt straps (size 270 x 72 x 3/4/5 mm) subjected to a tensile load are presented. Experiments were conducted using the assembled specimens in Instron testing machine under uniaxial load. The test specimens exhibited bearing failure of the laminate at all bolt points followed by net tension failure along the line of bolts close to the grips. Investigation are conducted to study the effects of material composition, consistency of fabrication, bearing-bypass interaction / damage onset, specimen thickness on the stress-strain behaviour of the specimen, load distribution in bolts, types of fit and friction, material anisotropy and contact condition under bolt preload. Influence of these parameters on the contact stresses around the bolt and stresses in the butt straps are discussed. Finite element analysis was carried out using ANSYS for various parameters and results were compared with test data.
Highlights
Due to high strength to weight and stiffness to weight ratio, composite laminates have been extensively used in aircraft and space vehicles
Contact interactions were defined between all the solids in entire model; the composite plate was in contact with aluminium plates and bolt shank and aluminium plate was in contact with washer and bolt shank
The behaviour of the joint in handling the bearing bypass loads at the onset of damage corresponding to the first ply failure is presented
Summary
Due to high strength to weight and stiffness to weight ratio, composite laminates have been extensively used in aircraft and space vehicles. Multiple bolts and rivets are used to connect various structural parts and transfer loads among them. The contact stress distribution under the bolt and thereby reduce the bearing load on the laminate [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. The load passing through the connected plates is eccentric This type of loading results in an uneven stress distribution in the members. This leads to bending of the joints and direct shear loading on the bolts eventually joints failure occurs at lower loads. Single cover butt joints are subjected to eccentric loads and bending of the joints. Three-dimensional nonlinear stress analysis of the specimens is performed using ANSYS software and the results of the simulation are compared with the experimental observations
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