Abstract
This paper presents the issue of determining the blast load on an engineering structure. In cases of industrial accidents or terrorist attacks, in many cases it is necessary to determine the necessary explosion parameters to determine the response of the structure, preferably in a simple and time-saving manner. In such a way, the empirical relationships can be used to estimate the selected parameters of the explosion load. Many empirical relationships have been derived in the past, but not all are suitable for different types of explosions. This article compares and validates experimentally determined selected explosion parameters for the chosen explosive with empirical relationships. For comparison, three already verified and frequently used calculation procedures (Kingery, Kinney, Henrych) and one newly derived procedure (PECH) were used. As part of the experimental measurements, blast wave explosion parameters for small charges were determined for near-field explosions. The general-purpose plastic explosive Semtex 10-SE was used for the experiments. The results of the comparative study presented in this article demonstrate the importance of taking these procedures into account for a reliable determination of the effects of blast actions on buildings.
Highlights
IntroductionThe effects of explosions were studied more extensively after World War II, mainly because many explosives were developed during this period and are still in use today
Semi-empirical methods are based on simplified models of physical phenomena
When evaluating the results of experiments carried out with Semtex 10-SE spherical charges, which differed in mass, the assumption that the peak overpressure increases with increasing charge mass was confirmed
Summary
The effects of explosions were studied more extensively after World War II, mainly because many explosives were developed during this period and are still in use today. To estimate or calculate the response of an object or structure to the effects of an explosion, it is necessary to know the explosion parameters. Of these parameters needed to determine the response, the most important are usually the peak overpressure, the positive phase duration and the positive phase impulse. A variety of methods can be used to determine explosion parameters These can be based on empirical (or analytical), semi-empirical or numerical methods. Semi-empirical methods are based on simplified models of physical phenomena They try to use the essential physical processes in a simplified way. These methods rely on extensive experimental data. Their predictive accuracy is generally better than that of empirical methods
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