Abstract
The Huguangyan Maar Lake is caused by a volcanic eruption. The original sediments at the bottom of the lake are natural yearbooks for the evolution of the earth’s climate and environment. A multi-beam sonar technique is used to scan the full coverage on the lake surface to get fine samples of echoes form the lake bottom. The information of the bathymetric data of the lake bottom is accurately described and the results of three-dimensional geomorphology imaging are given. The results show that the lake is divided into two parts, east and west, by a north-south underwater volcanic wall, and the maximum depth of water is over 22 meters. We apply a texture feature extraction method based on multi-scale fractal dimension to describe the characteristics of the sediments and roughness. Multi-scale fractal dimensions algorithm is used to extract waveform characteristics of depth samples in different directions. General distribution of sediment at the bottom of the lake is distinguished by the width of multi-scale fractal spectrum. The results obtained can be helpful for the estimation of the physical properties of sediments.
Highlights
The acoustic characteristics of sediment can be studied by means of acoustic reflection and acoustic scattering [1, 2]
The multi-beam system can obtain information on the topography of the floor and collect information on the intensity of echoes from the floor, which made it possible to simulate the geological characteristics by acoustic information [3, 4]
The results show that the sample sequence has multiple fractal dimension characteristics
Summary
The acoustic characteristics of sediment can be studied by means of acoustic reflection and acoustic scattering [1, 2]. The multi-beam system can obtain information on the topography of the floor and collect information on the intensity of echoes from the floor, which made it possible to simulate the geological characteristics by acoustic information [3, 4]. The classification method of sediments mainly includes the following types of methods: inversion of acoustic parameters of the floor, classification by statistical characteristics, and method of manual sampling, etc. We use the multi-beam bathymetric system to obtain bathymetric data with 100% full coverage of the lake floor by means of airborne scanning measurements. Multi-scale fractal dimensions algorithm [5, 6, 7] is used to extract waveform characteristics of depth samples in different directions. Experimental results show that this method is effective for sediments classification of lake
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