Abstract
The article is devoted to the experience of using the human resources of the national regions of the Russian Empire of the 18th-19th centuries taken into account when introducing universal conscription in the Caucasus in 1870-1910. In the pre-reform period, various options for the formation and organization of troops were tested, manned by representatives of those groups of the population who did not carry conscription (irregular units, national militias, militias). Particular attention is paid to attempts to apply the Cossack service scheme to foreigners: the establishment of separate troops (Bashkir-Meshcheryak army) and the inclusion of a non-Russian “element” in the already existing administrative-territorial structures of this type (Kalmyks in the Astrakhan and Don Cossack army, Buryats in the Trans-Baikal Cossack army, Ossetians and Kabardins in the Terek Cossack army.
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