Abstract
The normalised terminal short-circuit test takes as evaluation approaches the comparison of the results of routine tests carried out before and after the applications followed by visual inspection by means of disassemble of the machine (extraction of the active parts out of the tank). The objective of this work was to see if the evaluation by means of the comparison of the frequency response analysis (FRA) carried out before and after the short-circuit applications can be such a sensitive tool as the suitable ones under applicable standards. More than 120 results from 5 to 1000 kVA distribution transformer tests are obtained in standardised tests and the performance of this method is compared with the standard methods of fault detection. It can be concluded that the FRA methodology is a useful tool in the determination of the fault type and localisation before transformer disassembling.
Highlights
The design and manufacture of transformers should keep in mind the efforts taken place during short-circuits in order to avoid damages that impede its operation after clearing the system fault
The normalized terminal short circuit test takes as evaluation approaches, the comparison of the results of the routine tests carried out before and after the applications followed by the visual inspection by means of disassemble of the machine
More than 120 results from 5 to 1,000kVA distributions transformers tests are presented obtained in standardized tests and the performance of this method is compared with regard to the standard methods of fault detection
Summary
The design and manufacture of transformers should keep in mind the efforts taken place during short-circuits in order to avoid damages that impede its operation after clearing the system fault. The international standards specify the capacity to withstand short-circuits stresses that should possess the transformers and the necessary tests to verify it [1, 2]. One of the most important and difficult aspects to be defined is the criterion that should be used to emit the verdict of the test result, because it should be clearly established if the transformer had withstood the short-circuit stress. The most accurate methods to verify damages are that of comparison of the leakage impedance measured before and after the tests, and the visual inspection of the windings after the transformer has been disassembled.
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