Existential and loсative models of elementary simple sentences in Koryak language

Abstract

There are three types of spatial models that differ by proposition. Static models refer to the unchanging state of the subject in space. Movement in space from one point to another is denoted by dynamic models. Intermediate models represent motion that cannot be easily categorized into either the first or second group. This article examines the existential-spatial models used in the Koryak language. The first category of static models encompasses existential-spatial models, which utilize verbs of existence to express their predicates. Adverbs, case markers, and suffixes convey the static meaning of the locative component in spatial models. The distinctive feature of the Koryak language lies in its location-indicating suffixes. Utilized in conjunction with the locative cases, these suffixes clarify the location of a subject. According to their semantics, existentialspatial models can be classified into three separate groups. These are as follows: existential models, existential-perceptual models, and locative models. Existential models indicate the presence of the subject in a particular location, while existential-perceptual models indicate the subject’s presence within the observer’s field of vision. Locative models refer to the localization of subjects in a specific point in space. While both the existential and locative models convey the same meaning, their differentiation arises from the placement of the subject and the locative component. An existential model is created when the subject is in the rheme position of the sentence, while a locative model is formed when the subject is in the theme position.