Роль писателей Тувы в языковом строительстве

Abstract

The authors of the article have identified six stages of language construction in Tuva. The first stage (1921– 1929) was marked by the pursuit of a basis for developing a written language, with the old-written Mongolian language functioning as an official language at that time. In 1930, out of various projects, the one that received support was a project developed by scientists from the Soviet Union. The second stage (1930–1944) was to spread the Tuvan script created based on the Latin alphabet to the masses and to launch a cultural revolution. The third stage (early 40s – early 60s) began in 1941 when the decision was made to transition to the Cyrillic alphabet. This year, Ulug-Khem, a literary, artistic, and socio-political magazine of the Union of Writers of Tuva, began to be published. The third stage was completed when the academic grammar of the Tuvan language appeared, currently the “Fundamentals of Tuvan Orthography.” The significance of the fourth stage lies in the creation of a considerable body of texts in the Tuvan language, encompassing various stylistic affiliations. The fifth stage (1990–2010) can be referred to as the era of democratization when the Law on Languages was approved in the Republic of Tuva. From 2010 to the present, the sixth stage of language development in Tuva has been characterized by efforts to reinforce the status of the language and ensure its survival in the face of globalization and urbanization.