Abstract
Theoretical calculations were performed in order to estimate the concentrations of three main constituents of NOx (NO, NO2 and N2O) in the exhaust gas produced by two kinds of hypersonic wind tunnels. One of them had an arc-heater, and the other a pebble-heater. Estimations were performed for the equilibrium air in the plenum chamber, for the equilibrium and nonequilibrium nozzle flows, and for the final exhaust gas. Measurements in the exhaust gas of the arc-heated wind tunnel show that the total concentration of NOx (NO and NO2) was of the order of 10,000 ppm, depending on the conditions of operation. Two simple models are proposed to explain the origin of such a high level of NOx in the exhaust. It is shown that a model taking account of the isothermal compression of the exhaust gas in rotary pumps of the vacuum system can predict the formation of high concentrations of NOx.
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